Nature is a tremendous provenance of resolving hard and complex problems that exist in the field of computer science because it reveals a very diverse, robust, dynamic, and interesting phenomenon. It constantly finds the optimal solution to resolve its problem which accomplishes exact equity among its element. Nature-inspired algorithms are the heuristic high-level procedure that interprets nature to solve the optimization problem which popularized in the new era of computation. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the modern technology and enhancement in the nature-inspired algorithm, especially in the application of speech processing, speech recognition, and speech feature selection problems. This paper presents broad collections of global optimization algorithms which have been successfully applied to generate recognition systems that are integrated with metaheuristic algorithms.