In recent years, pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) has been widely used in the image segmentation field and has obtained relatively satisfactory results. In this paper, based on fire-controlled MSPCNN(FC-MSPCNN), an image segmentation method based on saliency-guided FCMSPCNN(SGFC-MSPCNN) is proposed, which enhances the reasonableness of the variations between the internal activity term and dynamic threshold for the proposed model. and after experimental validation, the method significantly improves the detection accuracy while reducing the detection cost, and thus it is confirmed to be an effective medical image segmentation method.