Automatic Measurement of Drilling Fluid and Drill-Cuttings Properties

Abstract

Summary To remotely control the drilling process, it is necessary to measure several drilling-fluid parameters automatically. This will increase objectivity of the measurements and make it possible to react to changes in real time. The current paper describes in detail the design for an integrated tool combination and the results of a full-size yard test of such a combined set of tools for measuring drilling-fluid parameters and formation properties automatically. Some of the automated tools have been tested on rigsite operations. Results from these individual tests are also presented. The automatic drilling-fluid analysis includes viscosity, fluid loss, electrical-stability (ES) measurements, and chemical properties such as pH. Full viscosity curves for the drilling fluid are measured using configurations and shear rates similar to those suggested by American Petroleum Institute (API) procedures. Because gel-formation curves and fluid-loss properties require some sort of controlled static periods, these measurements are made semicontinuously. However, they are automatic and can be measured as frequently as desired. An automatic system is included to measure the particle-size distribution (PSD), concentration, and morphology. Knowledge of these parameters is necessary, especially when drilling in depleted reservoirs where particles are added for increasing the wellbore strength. The produced-cuttings volume is measured. An automatic system is adapted that determines, with accuracy comparable to that of visual analysis, whether the particles separated at the shaker screens are drill cuttings or cavings produced by an unstable formation. The mineralogy of the cuttings is analyzed automatically using Raman spectroscopy, making it possible to evaluate continuously the different formations being drilled.

Real-Time Measurement of Drilling Fluid Rheological Properties: A Review

“…The sound speed is also important since it helps the system to discern when the density is rising due to the solids suspended or solids dissolved. Therefore, the theory of ultrasound technology needs to be developed by simulation and experiment [21,22,83]. Magalhães et al [26] used density, viscosity, ultrasound attenuation, and sound speed as inputs to establish an ANN model of concentration of the suspended solids.…”

“…The standard rotational Couette viscometer has six rotation speeds: 3, 6, 100, 200, 300, and 600 r/min, related to shear rate: 5.11, 10. 21 The parameters of the Bingham model (PV, YP, and AV) [19], PL model (n and K), Herschel-Bulkley model (τ0, n, and K), and 10 s and 10 min gel strength can be obtained using a standard rotational Couette viscometer. Many scholars developed an online rotational Couette viscometer based on a standard rotational Couette viscometer to measure the drilling fluid's rheological properties.…”

“…Figure 3 shows a typical online rotational Couette viscometer schematic diagram. Saasen et al [21,22] developed an online rotational Couette viscometer. The control box is used to change the rotational speed; shear stress readings were collected and transmuted to the acquisition device.…”

Analisa Kelayakan Penggantian Insulator Jaringan Pipa Penyalur Uap PLTP Darajat Milik Chevron Geothermal Indonesia

“…Apabila uap ini terperangkap dibawah bebatuan yang tidak permeable maka terbentuklah reservoir uap. Oleh karena proses pembentukan reservoir panas bumi tipikal dengan proses pembentukan uap didalam ketel uap maka semua sifat uap yang terbentuk sama dengan sifat-sifat uap khusus [8].…”

Advances in Rheological Measurement of Drilling Fluid-A Review

“…Continuous monitoring of drilling fluid rheology could result in prevention and/or early detection of some major drilling problems such as drilling fluid contamination, wellbore cleaning problems, wellbore instability, etc. Instead of having a more robust measurement technique that meets the current industry requirements, a newer automated version of the portable viscometer is introduced [10]. A pipe viscometer is available which is using sophisticated down-hole measurement technology that allows us to use the well itself as our measurement tool.…”