Automatic Extraction and Geospatial Analysis of Lineaments and their Tectonic Significance in South Cameroon Area using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS

Abstract

This study investigates the dominant orientations of lineament features and the relationship between these trends and the spatial orientation of tectonic structures in the transition zone of the Congo craton and the Pan African belt in South Cameroon area. Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and hill-shaded images, constructed from 30 m-resolution SRTM-DEM data, were used for automatically extracting and mapping geological lineaments. Lineament features were analyzed by means of azimuth frequency and length density distributions. Three major sets of lineaments trending W–E, ENE-WSW and WNW-ESE are identified in the South Cameroon area. These trends are probably related to repeated reactivation of pre-existing crustal structures during Eburnean and Pan-African tectonic episodes. The lineaments were formed under the compressional tectonic stress regimes generated during these tectonic events.

Mapping and analysis of structural lineaments using SRTM radar data and Landsat 8-OLI images in Telouet-Tighza area, Marrakech High Atlas - Morocco.

“…This approach, which consists of combining Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data and multispectrale images, has already been used in lineament mapping of many regions over the world with very good results. The results of two recently studies that have been achieved in Egypt by (Shandini et al 2020)and (Abdelkareem et al 2021) con rm the ability of SRTM data as an additional input to aid the spectral separability and to achieve the lineament mapping purposes. Therefore, the automatic extraction method applied on both Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM satellite data showed that these data can be used as a powerful tool to explore structural features and to further improve lineament mapping in several worldwide regions (Jawahar Raj and Prabhakaran 2018) (Aretouyap et al 2020).…”

“…SRTM was a mission of 11-day performed by single-pass satellite (SAR interferometry) during February 2000 (Okeke, Ukaegbu, and Egesi 2019).The Spaceborne Imaging Radar hardware, which provides high quality elevation values, formed the SRTM instrument (Han et al 2018). In several studies, radar remotely sensed SRTM data has proved to be extremely effective for many applications (Elmahdy, Mohamed, and Ali 2021) especially for highlighting geologic structures and fractures controlled by topography (Shandini et al 2020;Abdelkareem et al 2021). It affords a lot of advantages giving a great help in geological and geomorphological mapping which enables the interpretation of regional tectonic morphology (Han et al 2018).…”

“…The importance of lineaments related to fractures is manifested by their localization often close to several mineralogical deposits, oil, geothermal, and water reservoirs (A. B. Pour and Hashim 2015; Shandini et al 2020).Furthermore, study of lineaments provide an excellent base information that can be used to understand both the orientation of tectonic stress and fracture kinematics in order to reconstruct regional tectonic history (Mhamdi et al 2017). Structural and kinematic study of fractures systems provide fundamental information about deformational processes, and furnish insights about the tectonic framework and plate movements of a region (Saadi et al 2011) as well as the relationship between local structural features and ongoing deformation (Fekkak et al 2018).…”

“…A number of studies have demonstrated the applicability of the automatic extraction by using Line Module algorithm for lineament mapping (Epuh et al 2020;Shandini et al 2020; Azman, Ab Talib, and Sokiman 2020). In Some works, lineament extraction was tried to be executed from only Landsat 8 OLI data.…”

Analisis Struktur Patahan Daerah Suoh Menggunakan Metode Gaya Berat dan Penentuan Kerapatan Patahan

“…Selain itu dilakukan juga analisa geospasial untuk mengetahui kondisi struktur makro dengan analisis FFD. Zona-zona lemah patahan dapat diketahui dengan melakukan perhitungan pola kerapatan garis lineasi dari data citra satelit [10]. Dengan memakai metode FFD, bisa diketahui kelurusan-kelurusan yang berkaitan dengan struktur pada daerah penelitian atau dengan melihat refleksi topografi seperti kelurusan sungai, kelurusan lembah, struktur sesar maupun rekahan.…”