Automatic Evacuation Management Using a Multi Agent System and Parallel Meta-Heuristic Search

Aguilar, Leonel; Wijerathne, Lalith; Ichimura, Tsuyoshi; Hori, Muneo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44832-9_26

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Such services allow us to interface with non-virtual components (e.g., MTurk, DeSciL). Moreover, the ability to interface with reality from virtual worlds would enable innovative experiments based on virtual components, e.g., digital twins (Grieves and Vickers, 2017; Grübel et al, 2021), enhanced ABMs, and multi-agent-systems (Helbing, 2012;Grübel et al, 2019;Schamann et al, 2016;Aguilar et al, 2014Aguilar et al, , 2015Aguilar et al, , 2016Aguilar et al, , 2019Gath-Morad et al, 2020a;Zhao et al, 2020Zhao et al, , 2022 and medical applications (Brander et al, 2021). In combination with the ExaC paradigm, it becomes possible to define reproducible virtual(ized) and mixed-virtual experiments in the real world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments as Code: A Concept for Reproducible, Auditable, Debuggable, Reusable, & Scalable Experiments

Aguilar¹,

Gath-Morad²,

Grübel³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A common concern in experimental research is the auditability and reproducibility of experiments. Experiments are usually designed, provisioned, managed, and analyzed by diverse teams of specialists (e.g., researchers, technicians and engineers) and may require many resources (e.g. cloud infrastructure, specialized equipment). Even though researchers strive to document experiments accurately, this process is often lacking, making it hard to reproduce them. Moreover, when it is necessary to create a similar experiment, very often we end up "reinventing the wheel" as it is easier to start from scratch than trying to reuse existing work, thus losing valuable embedded best practices and previous experiences. In behavioral studies this has contributed to the reproducibility crisis. To tackle this challenge, we propose the "Experiments as Code" paradigm, where the whole experiment is not only documented but additionally the automation code to provision, deploy, manage, and analyze it is provided. To this end we define the Experiments as Code concept, provide a taxonomy for the components of a practical implementation, and provide a proof of concept with a simple desktop VR experiment that showcases the benefits of its "as code" representation, i.e., reproducibility, auditability, debuggability, reusability, & scalability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments as Code: A Concept for Reproducible, Auditable, Debuggable, Reusable, & Scalable Experiments

Aguilar¹,

Gath-Morad²,

Grübel³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Whereas Ubiquitous Computing has no clear requirements for the kind of computations to be performed, there is a common theme across different definitions of DTs with respect to the need for simulations to predict a system's response to critical events. The aim to predict often goes beyond simulating known events towards understanding deviations between the actual observations and the predictions to indicate unknown issues [138,139]. Furthermore, DTs are often expected not only to report on the state of the system, but to also actively manipulate the system through actuators [2,54,139].…”

Section: The Digital Twinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim to predict often goes beyond simulating known events towards understanding deviations between the actual observations and the predictions to indicate unknown issues [138,139]. Furthermore, DTs are often expected not only to report on the state of the system, but to also actively manipulate the system through actuators [2,54,139]. The tension between the accuracy of DT predictions and computational capacity is captured by the idea of Mirror Worlds [137], which perfectly imitate reality similar to a mirror.…”

Section: The Digital Twinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

et al. 2022

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Smart Cities already surround us, and yet they are still incomprehensibly far from directly impacting everyday life. While current Smart Cities are often inaccessible, the experience of everyday citizens may be enhanced with a combination of the emerging technologies Digital Twins (DTs) and Situated Analytics. DTs represent their Physical Twin (PT) in the real world via models, simulations, (remotely) sensed data, context awareness, and interactions. However, interaction requires appropriate interfaces to address the complexity of the city. Ultimately, leveraging the potential of Smart Cities requires going beyond assembling the DT to be comprehensive and accessible. Situated Analytics allows for the anchoring of city information in its spatial context. We advance the concept of embedding the DT into the PT through Situated Analytics to form Fused Twins (FTs). This fusion allows access to data in the location that it is generated in in an embodied context that can make the data more understandable. Prototypes of FTs are rapidly emerging from different domains, but Smart Cities represent the context with the most potential for FTs in the future. This paper reviews DTs, Situated Analytics, and Smart Cities as the foundations of FTs. Regarding DTs, we define five components (physical, data, analytical, virtual, and Connection Environments) that we relate to several cognates (i.e., similar but different terms) from existing literature. Regarding Situated Analytics, we review the effects of user embodiment on cognition and cognitive load. Finally, we classify existing partial examples of FTs from the literature and address their construction from Augmented Reality, Geographic Information Systems, Building/City Information Models, and DTs and provide an overview of future directions.

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“…For a proof of concept demonstration on the use of the evacuation simulator in an automatic evacuation management system see [8]. Some of the selected hypothetical scenarios demand a detailed model of environment, use of all available traversable area and complex agent functions, like the detection of blocked paths, navigation, etc.…”

Section: Demonstrative Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Critical Mass Evacuation Simulation Combining A Multi- Agent System and High-Performance Computing

Aguilar¹,

Wijerathne²,

Hori³

2017

Multi-Agent Systems

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This chapter presents an application of multi-agent systems to simulate tsunami-triggered mass evacuations of large urban areas. The main objective is to quantitatively evaluate various strategies to accelerate evacuation in case of a tsunami with a short arrival time, taking most inluential factors into account. Considering the large number of lives in fatal danger, instead of widely used simple agents in 1D networks, we use a high-resolution model of environment and complex agents so that wide range of inluencing factors can be taken into account. A brief description of the multi-agent system is provided using a mathematical framework as means to easily and unambiguously refer to the main components of the system. The environment of the multi-agent system, which mimics the physical world of evacuees, is modelled as a hybrid of a high-resolution grid and a graph connecting traversable spaces. This hybrid of raster and vector data structures enables modelling large domain in a scalable manner. The agents, which mimic the heterogeneous crowd of evacuees, are composed of diferent combinations of basic constituent functions for modelling interaction with each other and environment, decision-making, etc. The results of tuning and validating of constituent functions for pedestrian-pedestrian, car-car and car-pedestrian interactions are presented. A scalable high-performance computing (HPC) extension to address the high-computational demand of complex agents and highresolution model of environment is briely explained. Finally, demonstrative applications that highlight the need for including sub-meter details in the environment, diferent modes of evacuation and behavioural diferences are presented.

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Automatic Evacuation Management Using a Multi Agent System and Parallel Meta-Heuristic Search

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Experiments as Code: A Concept for Reproducible, Auditable, Debuggable, Reusable, & Scalable Experiments

Experiments as Code: A Concept for Reproducible, Auditable, Debuggable, Reusable, & Scalable Experiments

The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Fused Twins: A Review of Access to Digital Twins In Situ in Smart Cities

Time Critical Mass Evacuation Simulation Combining A Multi- Agent System and High-Performance Computing

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