Automatic Emotion Recognition Based on EEG and ECG Signals While Listening to Quranic Recitation Compared with Listening to Music

Different Types of Sounds and Their Relationship With the Electrocardiographic Signals and the Cardiovascular System – Review

“…There were few studies with just males ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ; Walker et al, 2016 ) or just females ( Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ). With respect to the sample size, many of the studies used a size between 20 and 33 ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Chang et al, 2004 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Kasprzak, 2010 ; Krantz et al, 2010 ; Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Dousty et al, 2011 ; Croy et al, 2013 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ) or 35 and 88 ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Kenntner-Mabiala et al, 2007 ; Koelsch et al, 2007 ; Raggam et al, 2007 ; Graham et al, 2009 ; Orini et al, 2010 ; Sancini et al, 2012 ; Rhomberg et al, 2014 ; Gruhlke et al, 2015 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ; Hajizadeh et al, 2015 ; Krabs et al, 2015 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Gallasch et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , 2017 ; El Aarbaoui et al, 2017 ) subjects. There were few studies with a sample larger than 100 subjects ( Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Yuan et al, 2005 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Goyal et al, 2010 ; Kraus et al, 2013 ; Osiris et al, 2014 ; Tan et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Thus, most used stimuli in selected research according to categories of sound (S), noise (N), and music (M) are shown in Figure 5 . There, it is noted that both pleasant ( Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ) and unpleasant ( Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ) sound were the most used stimuli in sound research; traffic ( Yuan et al, 2005 ; Raggam et al, 2007 ; Graham et al, 2009 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Gallasch et al, 2016 ), white ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Lee et al, 2010 ), factory ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Goyal et al, 2010 ; Sancini et al, 2012 ; Osiris et al, 2014 ), background ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Chen et al, 2014b ; Sim et al, 2015 ; El Aarbaoui et al, 2017 ), and low-frequency ( Chen et al, 2014a , b ; Walker et al, 2016 ) noises were used with more frequency in noise studies, whereas classical ( Thayer and Faith, 2001 ; Chang et al, 2004 ; Etzel et al, 2006 ; Kenntner-Mabiala et al, 2007 ; Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Gruhlke et al, 2015 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ) and relaxing or sedative music ( Dousty et al, 2011 ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Tan et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ) were most used in music research. It is important to observe that classical music was the most used stimulus.…”

“…In most of the cases, it is not considered a control group ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Wagner et al, 2005 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Koelsch et al, 2007 ; Kim and André, 2008 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Niu et al, 2014 ; Osiris et al, 2014 ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ), just few studies had a control group ( Tomei et al, 2000 ; Yuan et al, 2005 ; Binns-Turner et al, 2011 ; Sancini et al, 2012 ; Gupta and Gupta, 2015 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Tan et al, 2015 ). In much of the research, stimuli were presented through headphones ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Kim and André, 2008 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Oh et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , b ; Ishimitsu et al, 2017 ). It is interesting to note that some studies asked subjects to close their eyes ( Naji et al, 2014b ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , b ) to concentrate on presented stimulus.…”

“…In much of the research, stimuli were presented through headphones ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Uclés et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Kim and André, 2008 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; da Silva and Backs, 2015 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Oh et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , b ; Ishimitsu et al, 2017 ). It is interesting to note that some studies asked subjects to close their eyes ( Naji et al, 2014b ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Nozaki et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , b ) to concentrate on presented stimulus. A seated position was also used ( Martin-Soelch et al, 2006 ; Björ et al, 2007 ; Lee et al, 2010 ; Cho et al, 2011 ; Naji et al, 2014b ; Pérez-Lloret et al, 2014 ; Nardelli et al, 2015 ; Sim et al, 2015 ; Watanabe et al, 2015 ; Al-Galal et al, 2016 ; Nakajima et al, 2016 ; Ishimitsu et al, 2017 ) more frequently with respect to a supine position ( Holand et al, 1999 ; Hajizadeh et al, 2015 ; Goshvarpour et al, 2016a , 2017 ; Abedi et al, 2017 ).…”

Differences in Brain Waves and Blood Pressure by Listening to Quran-e-Kareem and Music

“…16 Wallace et al also found no change in blood pressure, pulse and respiratory rate. 17 These differences among different studies may be due to variation in patient selection techniques and environmental or cultural conditions.…”