Automatic defect detection in operational high-speed railway tunnels guided by train-mounted ground penetrating radar data

Xiong, Hongqiang; Li, Jing; Su, Guofeng; Li, Zhilian; Zhang, Zhiyu

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2023.105219

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…As depicted in Figure 6, the raw GPR data were recorded by a vehicle-mounted GPR system [30] equipped with 300 MHz air-coupled antennas to measure a highway tunnel in China. The antennas cover a frequency band ranging from 150 MHz to 500 MHz.…”

Section: Gpr Data and High-resolution Time-frequency Spectra Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Synchrosqueezing S-Transform and Its Application in a GPR Detection Task

Xiong,

An,

Sun

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The S-transform is a fundamental time–frequency (T-F) domain analysis method in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data processing and can be used for identifying targets, denoising, extracting thin layers, and high-resolution imaging. However, the S-transform spectrum experiences energy leakage near the instantaneous frequency. This phenomenon causes frequency components to erroneously spread over a wider range, impacting the accuracy and precision of GPR data processing. Synchrosqueezing is an effective method to prevent spectrum leakage. In this work, we introduce the synchrosqueezing generalized phase-shifting S-transform (SS-GPST). Initially, it resolves the compatibility issue between the S-transform and the synchrosqueezing strategy through phase-shifting. Subsequently, the SS-GPST accomplishes spectral energy focusing and resolution enhancement via a generalized parameter and synchrosqueezing. A synthetic signal test shows that the SS-GPST excels over other methods at focusing degree, spectral resolution, and signal reconstruction accuracy and speed. In actual GPR tunnel detection data processing, we assess the adaptability of the SS-GPST from three aspects: spectral energy distribution, thin layer identification, and data denoising. The results indicate: (1) compared to other methods, the SS-GPST accurately expresses spectral components with a strong focusing degree and fewer interference components; (2) high-frequency slices of the SS-GPST accurately detect the top and bottom interfaces of a 3.0–3.5 cm reinforcement protection layer; and (3) due to fewer interference components in the SS-GPST spectrum, reconstructing GPR profiles through the SS-GPST inverse transform is an efficient denoising technique. The SS-GPST demonstrates adaptability to different data processing purposes, offers high-resolution T-F spectra, and shows potential to supersede the S-transform.

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Section: Gpr Data and High-resolution Time-frequency Spectra Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%