Automated Registration of 3D Point Clouds with 3D CAD Models for Remote Assessment of Staged Fabrication

Abstract

Modularization and pre-assembly are parts of a trend toward staged fabrication that has been developing in the construction industry in many parts of the world over the past few decades. Successful delivery and transportation of materials in staged fabrication processes has always been a key challenge. While substantial advances in modularization and pre-fabrication have been achieved recently, there is still a significant rate of damages and defects occurring during transportation and shipment. In addition, there are inaccuracies in staged-fabricated assemblies due to manually intensive quality control during the fabrication process. Thus there is a significant need to continuously monitor the fabrication processes to avoid significant rework costs and delays. This paper presents an automated approach to register laser scanned data, which represents as-built status, with 3D CAD models for prefabricated steel assemblies. Moreover, automated registration enhances three-dimensional tolerance analysis for automated quality control of prefabricated assemblies. An Iterative Closest Point (ICP)-based model is used for automated registration in the presented paper. An experimental study is conducted to validate the proposed model for monitoring the fabrication and installation processes. Experimental results show that the presented approach can be used to detect defected parts or fabrication inaccuracies precisely and quickly.

Integrated Design Process for Modular Construction Projects to Reduce Rework

“…The errors causing the rework were not detected before conducting the works, and this proves that the information related to unit production and lifting were not applied to the design. Owing to the nature of modular construction work, any changes made onsite are not only difficult but also prohibitive in terms of cost [12,13,36]. In other words, if the design phase is not coordinated properly, modular construction can cost much more than stick-built construction [2,6,12,22,26,27].…”

“…This multilateral information exchange increases the complexity of the To support the design phase of modular constructions, several studies have been conducted previously [36][37][38][39][40]. Nahangi et al, proposed an automated approach for monitoring the defection and damage of modular units using laser scanned data [36]. Han et al, developed an optimization model for tower crane operation that can be used in the planning phase [39].…”

“…In this paper, it is assumed that engineering rework in modular projects occurs when information from participants is omitted in the design phase. To identify such information, many works were reviewed, focusing on modular construction planning [12,13,24,36,[39][40][41][51][52][53][54][55][56]. However, rework is also performed to rectify defects after the design phase, such as the unit production, transportation, or onsite work phases.…”

“…Interference between MEP and structural components [19,24,54] Fireproof paint application to connection [24], daily report Rework caused by error of activity order on manufacturing line [19,24], daily report Excess manufacturing tolerance [36] Quality deterioration in manufacturing process [24,36] Transportation Damage and deformation in transportation [19,24,55] Revision of design caused by omission of reviewing Road Traffic Act in the design process [12,13,24] Onsite work…”

Automated assembly discrepancy feedback using 3D imaging and forward kinematics

“…Current approaches for inspection of facilities and investigation of the as-built status of segments to avoid causing huge costs are not sufficiently effective and accurate [10]. Most of the approaches deal with intensively manual interaction which is inaccurate.…”