Automated Quantification of the Behaviour of Beef Cattle Exposed to Heat Load Conditions

Idris, Musadiq; Gay, Caitlin C.; Woods, Ian G.; Sullivan, Mitchell J.; Gaughan, J. B.; Phillips, Clive J. C.

doi:10.3390/ani13061125

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Previously mentioned parameters such as the learning process and herd behaviour play a significant role in the adaptation to the virtual fence. However, other factors such as season variation, herd size, and change in pasture can impact the behaviour of cattle impeding social facilitation and interactions with a virtual fence, thereby, creating further uncertainties [27,28,29].…”

Section: Standardisation Of Virtual Fence Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods of Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Simonsen,

Husted,

Clausen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The agricultural industry relies on physical fences to manage livestock. However, physical fences present some practical, financial, and ecological problems, that partly may be solved by virtual fencing. However, it is necessary for the livestock to be adapted to virtual fencing. This study aims to identify if adaptation to virtual fence can be improved through social facilitation between experienced cattle and the remaining herd. Moreover, which of the two different learning processes, a gradual or instant introduction to virtual fence is the most effective in associating warnings with impulses. Three pastures containing Angus (Bos taurus) will be used to examine these investigations; A, B and C. All investigations are conducted on the Danish Island of Fanø. Three methods of learning process were used, one gradual and two instant introductions to the virtual fence. The investigations had varying amounts of experienced cattle. Impulses and warnings were recorded during a learning period and the following observation period. To quantify if the cattle adapt to the warnings, impulses per warning are used. There was no evidence of improvement with the presence of experienced cattle for any pastures, indicating no social facilitation. Gradual introduction was found to be more beneficial than instant introduction. More standardized tests are necessary to discover the full effect of experienced cattle.

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Section: Standardisation Of Virtual Fence Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods of Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Simonsen,

Husted,

Clausen

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previously mentioned parameters such as the introduction method and herd behaviour play a significant role in adaptation to the virtual fence. However, other factors, such as season variation, herd size, and change in pasture, can impact the behaviour of cattle, impeding social facilitation and interactions with a virtual fence, thereby creating further uncertainties [26][27][28].…”

Section: Standardisation and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods for Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Simonsen,

Husted,

Clausen

et al. 2024

Animals

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Agricultural industries rely on physical fences to manage livestock. However, these present practical, financial, and ecological challenges, which may be solved using virtual fencing. This study aimed to identify how experienced cattle through social facilitation and the introduction method influence inexperienced cattle. Based on three stocks held in Fanø, Denmark, containing 12, 17 and 13 Angus (Bos taurus), we examined the virtual fence learning in three case studies using one gradual introduction with zero experienced cattle (A) and two different instant introductions with one (B) and ten (C) experienced cattle. Gradual introduction had the virtual fence moved 20 m every other day for eleven days, and in the two instant introductions, the physical fence was removed in one day. Warnings and impulses were recorded during an 11-day learning period and a 26-day post-learning period, using the impulses per warning to quantify if the cattle adapted. Case studies A and B showed a significant reduction in the warnings and impulses, but only A showed a significant reduction in the impulses per warning when comparing the learning period to the post-learning period. Due to the non-standardised experiments, it was not possible to conclude if the number of experienced cattle or the introduction method had an effect on the results.

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“…In the relevant scientific Literature, recommendations are found to take IRT readings in the morning in the absence of sunlight and activity. Furthermore, IRT readings taken below 30 °C or 20 °C have been reported to reduce environmental impact [ 93 , 94 ].The altered physiological response of the animals at noon, especially during hot days [ 95 ], may be the possible reason for preferring morning time IRT recording.…”

Section: Infrared Thermography As a Tool For Estrus Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Thermography as a Potential Non-Invasive Tool for Estrus Detection in Cattle and Buffaloes

Riaz

Idris

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Animals

Self Cite

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The productivity of dairy animals has significantly increased over the past few decades due to intense genetic selection. However, the enhanced yield performance of milk animals caused a proportional increase in stress and compromised reproductive efficiency. Optimal reproductive performance is mandatory for the sustainable production of dairy animals. Reproductive efficiency is marked by proper estrus detection and precise breeding to achieve maximum pregnancies. The existing conventional methods of estrus detection are somewhat labor intensive and less efficient. Similarly, the modern automated methods that rely on detecting physical activity are expensive, and their efficiency is affected by factors such as type of housing (tie stall), flooring, and environment. Infrared thermography has recently emerged as a technique that does not depend on monitoring physical activity. Furthermore, infrared thermography is a non-invasive, user-friendly, and stress-free option that aids in the detection of estrus in dairy animals. Infrared thermography has the potential to be considered a useful non-invasive tool for detecting temperature fluctuations to generate estrus alerts without physical contact in cattle and buffaloes. This manuscript highlights the potential use of infrared thermography to understand reproductive physiology and practical implementation of this technique through discussing its advantages, limitations, and possible precautions.

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Automated Quantification of the Behaviour of Beef Cattle Exposed to Heat Load Conditions

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods of Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods of Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Effects of Social Facilitation and Introduction Methods for Cattle on Virtual Fence Adaptation

Infrared Thermography as a Potential Non-Invasive Tool for Estrus Detection in Cattle and Buffaloes

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