Protein solubility is very important for protein crystallization,
bioprocess development, and protein application. In this study, a
method based on the stability of a protein dispersion system is proposed
for fast assessment of protein solubility, which mainly involves ultrasonic
dispersion, differential centrifugation, and spectral measurement
(UDDCS) and curvature estimation. The appropriate ultrasonic time
and centrifugal time were experimentally determined at first. The
results show that the relationship between the standard deviation
and the protein concentrations originally added accords with the modified
exponential equation, and the corresponding concentration of the maximum
curvature point is defined as the solubility of the protein. Lysozyme
solubility data in NaCl aqueous solutions and zein solubility data
in ethanol aqueous solutions are selected to verify the UDDCS method
by comparing the data obtained by the UDDCS method and the results
from references, and the results indicate that the UDDCS method is
reliable, universal, and time-saving. Finally, measurements of zein
solubility in NaOH solution and casein solubility in urea aqueous
solution were conducted as test cases by the UDDCS method.