Automated locomotor activity monitoring as a quality control assay for mass-reared tephritid flies

Dominiak, Bernard C.; Fanson, Benjamin G.; Collins, Samuel R. A.; Taylor, Phillip W.

doi:10.1002/ps.3559

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…B. tryoni pupae are not sensitive to long periods in anoxia or vibration stress (Campbell et al 2009, Dominiak et al 2010b), but they are sensitive to dye (Dominiak et al 2010a) and humidity (Dominiak et al 2010b). Temperature in transit is an issue that requires further research, as recent work has indicated some decrease in quality as a result of even short periods of moderate heat stress (Dominiak et al 2014). While optimization of irradiation dose can provide some improvement to ßy quality, there are other areas of substantial quality loss and batch variation that require priority for additional research to optimize a B. tryoni SIT production and delivery that will provide pupae of the highest possible quality to Þeld release programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluating Irradiation Dose for Sterility Induction and Quality Control of Mass-Produced Fruit Fly <I>Bactrocera tryoni</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

et al. 2014

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The sterile insect technique has been routinely used to eradicate fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) incursions. This study considers whether fly quality in a mass-rearing facility can be improved by reducing irradiation doses, without sacrificing reproductive sterility. Pupae were exposed to one of five target irradiation dose ranges: 0, 40-45, 50-55, 60-65, and 70-75 Gy. Pupae were then assessed using routine quality control measures: flight ability, sex ratio, longevity under nutritional stress, emergence, and reproductive sterility. Irradiation did not have a significant effect on flight ability or sex ratio tests. Longevity under nutritional stress was significantly increased at 70-75 Gy, but no other doses differed from 0 Gy. Emergence was slightly reduced in the 50-55, 60-65, and 70-75 Gy treatments, but 40-45 Gy treatments did not differ from 0 Gy, though confounding temporal factors complicate interpretation. Reproductive sterility remained acceptable (> 99.5%) for all doses--40-45 Gy (99.78%), 50-55 Gy (100%), 60-65 Gy (100%), and 70-75 Gy (99.99%). We recommend that B. tryoni used in sterile insect technique releases be irradiated at a target dose of 50-55 Gy, providing improved quality and undiminished sterility in comparison with the current 70-75 Gy standard while also providing a substantial buffer against risk of under dosing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluating Irradiation Dose for Sterility Induction and Quality Control of Mass-Produced Fruit Fly <I>Bactrocera tryoni</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

et al. 2014

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“…Fruit flies have been observed to increase the natural action of grooming when minute particles such as conidia from fungi are applied to their bodies (Dimbi et al 2009). Fruit flies have been observed to have increased locomotor activity (including grooming) as the day progressed with a high peak being observed late in the afternoon (Dominiak et al 2014). It is possible that grooming also impacts on retention of pigment on the ptilinum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MarkingBactrocera dorsalis(Diptera: Tephritidae) with Fluorescent Pigments: Effects of Pigment Colour and Concentration

Manrakhan

Weldon

2017

African Entomology

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Daylight fluorescent pigment powders are frequently used to self-mark tephritid flies that are released in sterile insect technique programmes and for studies on their population ecology, movement and behaviour. This study was conducted to determine the effects of pigment colour and dose in marking the Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Six pigment colours (Astral Pink 1, Blaze 5, Stellar Green 8, Lunar Yellow 27, Comet Blue 60 and Invisible Blue 70) were applied to pupae at doses of 0, 2, 4, or 6 g/l. Under laboratory conditions, pigment colour had a small but significant effect on the number of partially emerged and deformed adults; the fewest of these were observed when flies were marked with Astral Pink 1. Pigment concentration, on the other hand, had no effect on adult emergence, partial emergence, deformed adults and mortality on the last day of eclosion. There was no significant effect of pigment colour on adult survival under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Under laboratory conditions, however, there was an effect of pigment concentration on adult survival depending on pigment colour. Visibility under an ultraviolet light and persistence of marks was significantly affected by pigment colour and concentration when observed under laboratory conditions, but not under semi-field conditions. Regardless of colour or dose, pigments used in the study were visible for at least 14 days, but began to fade by 21 days after adult eclosion. To mark B. dorsalis under temperate, warm summer African conditions, all pigment colours tested in this study may be applied at 2-4 g/l pupae. Recaptures of marked and released flies may be underestimated as the flies age.

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“…Twenty males were observed for each of the three treatments. This methodology was adapted from Dominiak et al (2014), who considered locomotor activity a useful quality measure test for fruit flies mass reared for the sterile insect technique.…”

Section: Experiments 2: Behavioural Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual selection in true fruit flies (Diptera:Tephritidae): transcriptome and experimental evidences for phytochemicals increasing male competitive ability

et al. 2014

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In male tephritid fruit flies of the genus Bactrocera, feeding on secondary plant compounds (sensu lato male lures = methyl eugenol, raspberry ketone and zingerone) increases male mating success. Ingested male lures alter the male pheromonal blend, normally making it more attractive to females and this is considered the primary mechanism for the enhanced mating success. However, the male lures raspberry ketone and zingerone are known, across a diverse range of other organisms, to be involved in increasing energy metabolism. If this also occurs in Bactrocera, then this may represent an additional benefit to males as courtship is metabolically expensive and lure feeding may increase a fly's short-term energy. We tested this hypothesis by performing comparative RNA-seq analysis between zingerone-fed and unfed males of Bactrocera tryoni. We also carried out behavioural assays with zingerone- and cuelure-fed males to test whether they became more active. RNA-seq analysis revealed, in zingerone-fed flies, up-regulation of 3183 genes with homologues transcripts to those known to regulate intermale aggression, pheromone synthesis, mating and accessory gland proteins, along with significant enrichment of several energy metabolic pathways and gene ontology terms. Behavioural assays show significant increases in locomotor activity, weight reduction and successful mating after mounting; all direct/indirect measures of increased activity. These results suggest that feeding on lures leads to complex physiological changes, which result in more competitive males. These results do not negate the pheromone effect, but do strongly suggest that the phytochemical-induced sexual selection is governed by both female preference and male competitive mechanisms.

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Automated locomotor activity monitoring as a quality control assay for mass-reared tephritid flies

Abstract: LAM offers a convenient, effective and economical assay to probe such changes.

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Evaluating Irradiation Dose for Sterility Induction and Quality Control of Mass-Produced Fruit Fly <I>Bactrocera tryoni</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Evaluating Irradiation Dose for Sterility Induction and Quality Control of Mass-Produced Fruit Fly <I>Bactrocera tryoni</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

MarkingBactrocera dorsalis(Diptera: Tephritidae) with Fluorescent Pigments: Effects of Pigment Colour and Concentration

Sexual selection in true fruit flies (Diptera:Tephritidae): transcriptome and experimental evidences for phytochemicals increasing male competitive ability

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