Automated Inflating Resuscitator (AIR): Design and Development of a 3D-Printed Ventilator Prototype and Corresponding Simulation Scenario Based on the Management of a Critical COVID-19 Patient

Gino, Bruno; Wang, Zhujiang; d'Entremont, Philip; Renouf, Tia; Dubrowski, Adam

doi:10.7759/cureus.9134

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Optional components include a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) valve, an oxygen reservoir, and a pressure gauge. We call these connected parts the "patient circuit" [9]. The self-inflated bag is placed between two arms printed using a 3D printer.…”

Section: Operating Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Automated ventilator prototype for COVID-19 patient treatment: the design and development of the electronic system

Stacul

Pastafiglia

Giovanni

et al. 2023

IJRES

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<p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an urgent global demand for ventilators, respirators and various resuscitation devices. Various research and development organizations, private companies and individual engineers have collaborated and carried out the development of low-cost ventilation prototypes. In turn, doctors and nurses are collapsed due to the exponential increase in COVID-19 cases. This scenario worsens more when the tasks are manual in nature. The article`s objective to describe the electronic system designed, developed and implemented in a functional prototype of an automatic ventilator in order to be evaluated by a team of health professionals to be later used in cases of health emergencies. This system automates the manual ventilation task aided by a few medical resources in a scenario of scarce resources and is a temporary solution when a respirator is not available.</p>

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Section: Operating Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Automated ventilator prototype for COVID-19 patient treatment: the design and development of the electronic system

Stacul

Pastafiglia

Giovanni

et al. 2023

IJRES

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“…Automatized manual respirators, like the one described in this article, consist of a manual respirator and a compression device that automatically performs the respiration cycles [14]. While the lack of fine control over the breathing cycle (like any manual respirator) makes their long-term use not recommendable, automatized manual respirators still have the advantage of not needing the constant engagement of an operator, so they can be useful in emergencies in isolated zones, field hospitals, or poor regions [15]. The compression mechanism can also allow for the breathing cycle parameters to be loosely controlled with some sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design for the Automation of an AMBU Spur II Manual Respirator

et al. 2021

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This article shows the design of a device to automatize an Ambu Spur II manual respirator. The aim of this compassionate medicine device is to provide an emergency alternative to conventional electric respirators—which are in much shortage—during the present COVID-19 pandemic. To develop the device, the classical method of product design based on concurrent engineering has been employed. First, the specifications of the machine have been determined, including the function determining the air volume provided at every moment of the breathing cycle; second, an adequate compression mechanism has been designed; third, the control circuit of the motor has been determined, which can be operated via a touchscreen and which includes sensor feedback; fourth, the device has been materialized with readily available materials and market components, mostly of low cost; and fifth, the machine has been successfully tested, complying with sanitary regulations and operating within desirable ranges. The device has been already manufactured to supply respirators to several hospitals around the Catalan Autonomous Community in Spain, but can also be replicated in developing countries such as Ecuador.

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Novel additive manufacturing applications for communicable disease prevention and control: focus on recent COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has had serious adverse effects globally in 2020 which are foreseen to extend in 2021, as well. The most important of these effects was exceeding the capacity of the healthcare infrastructures, and the related inability to meet the need for various medical equipment especially within the first months of the crisis following the emergence and rapid spreading of the virus. Urgent global demand for the previously unavailable personal protective equipment, sterile disposable medical supplies as well as the active molecules including vaccines and drugs fueled the need for the coordinated efforts of the scientific community. Amid all this confusion, the rapid prototyping technology, 3D printing, has demonstrated its competitive advantage by repositioning its capabilities to respond to the urgent need. Individual and corporate, amateur and professional all makers around the world with 3D printing capacity became united in effort to fill the gap in the supply chain until mass production is available especially for personal protective equipment and other medical supplies. Due to the unexpected, everchanging nature of the COVID-19 pandemic-like all other potential communicable diseases-the need for rapid design and 3D production of parts and pieces as well as sterile disposable medical equipment and consumables is likely to continue to keep its importance in the upcoming years. This review article summarizes how additive manufacturing technology can contribute to such cases with special focus on the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

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Automated Inflating Resuscitator (AIR): Design and Development of a 3D-Printed Ventilator Prototype and Corresponding Simulation Scenario Based on the Management of a Critical COVID-19 Patient

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Automated ventilator prototype for COVID-19 patient treatment: the design and development of the electronic system

Automated ventilator prototype for COVID-19 patient treatment: the design and development of the electronic system

Design for the Automation of an AMBU Spur II Manual Respirator

Novel additive manufacturing applications for communicable disease prevention and control: focus on recent COVID-19 pandemic

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