Automated Diagnosis and Measurement of Strabismus in Children

Yehezkel, Oren; Belkin, Michael; Wygnanski–Jaffe, Tamara

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2019.12.018

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We found a good correlation between VOG and the orthoptist examination, which is in line with previous studies. 3 There was no significant difference of skew measurements across all conditions except 1 PD (0.57°) and 4 PD (2.28°). Small skews were significantly overestimated by the orthoptist.…”

Section: Accuracy and Precision Of Vog Skew Testingmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Previously described semi-automated methods for skew measurements were suitable for neuro-ophtalmology laboratories and customized for the assessment of strabismus. 3 We sought to test healthy subjects under standard conditions with quantitative recording of eye movements. The test of skew was assessed quantitatively by recording vertical eye positions with a portable Video -Oculography (VOG) device suitable for the assessment of vestibular reflexes in the ED.…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of automated systems for the measurement of eye misalignment have been described in the literature, and they have mainly been used for screening or detecting strabismus in adults or children. 3 Different eye tracker systems allow for the accurate detection of eye position. 11 Although good for detecting the latent components of strabismus they cannot be used in patients with nystagmus or high refractive error (nanophtalmos or pathological myopia).…”

Section: Current Automated System Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: A validation study

Morrison¹,

Mantokoudis²,

Korda³

2021

Preprint

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ObjectiveThe alternate cover test (ACT) in patients with acute vestibular syndrome is part of the 'HINTS' battery test. Although quantitative, the ACT is highly dependent on the examiner's experience and could theoretically vary greatly between examiners. In this study, we sought to validate an automated video-oculography (VOG) system based on eye tracking and dedicated glasses. MethodsWe artificially induced a vertical strabismus to simulate a skew deviation on 10 healthy subjects, aged from 26 to 66, using different press-on Fresnel prisms on one eye while recording eye position with VOG of the contralateral eye. We then compared the system's performance to that of a blinded trained orthoptist using

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Section: Accuracy and Precision Of Vog Skew Testingmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Automated System Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: A validation study

Morrison¹,

Mantokoudis²,

Korda³

2021

Preprint

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“…Several authors have suggested utilizing the photoscreener to perform strabismus screening [ 8 – 10 ]. For large communities such as schools, eye trackers [ 11 – 13 ] have been applied to determine the presence of strabismus. Also, virtual reality headsets with pupil-tracking technology have been used to measure the ocular deviation for strabismus screening [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An automatic screening method for strabismus detection based on image processing

2021

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Purpose This study aims to provide an automatic strabismus screening method for people who live in remote areas with poor medical accessibility. Materials and methods The proposed method first utilizes a pretrained convolutional neural network-based face-detection model and a detector for 68 facial landmarks to extract the eye region for a frontal facial image. Second, Otsu’s binarization and the HSV color model are applied to the image to eliminate the influence of eyelashes and canthi. Then, the method samples all of the pixel points on the limbus and applies the least square method to obtain the coordinate of the pupil center. Lastly, we calculated the distances from the pupil center to the medial and lateral canthus to measure the deviation of the positional similarity of two eyes for strabismus screening. Result We used a total of 60 frontal facial images (30 strabismus images, 30 normal images) to validate the proposed method. The average value of the iris positional similarity of normal images was smaller than one of the strabismus images via the method (p-value<0.001). The sample mean and sample standard deviation of the positional similarity of the normal and strabismus images were 1.073 ± 0.014 and 0.039, as well as 1.924 ± 0.169 and 0.472, respectively. Conclusion The experimental results of 60 images show that the proposed method is a promising automatic strabismus screening method for people living in remote areas with poor medical accessibility.

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“…Currently there are no validated objective, quantitative tests of skew available in the emergency department (ED). Previously described semi-automated methods for skew measurements were suitable for neuro-ophtalmology laboratories and customized for the assessment of strabismus [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: a validation study

Morrison

Kerkeni

Korda

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Objective The alternate cover test (ACT) in patients with acute vestibular syndrome is part of the ‘HINTS’ battery test. Although quantitative, the ACT is highly dependent on the examiner’s experience and could theoretically vary greatly between examiners. In this study, we sought to validate an automated video-oculography (VOG) system based on eye tracking and dedicated glasses. Methods We artificially induced a vertical strabismus to simulate a skew deviation on ten healthy subjects, aged from 26 to 66, using different press-on Fresnel prisms on one eye while recording eye position with VOG of the contralateral eye. We then compared the system’s performance to that of a blinded trained orthoptist using conventional, semi-quantitative method of skew measurement known as the alternate prism cover test (APCT) as a gold standard. Results We found a significant correlation between the reference APCT and the Skew VOG (Pearson’s R2 = 0.606, p < 0.05). There was a good agreement between the two tests (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.852, 95 CI 0.728–0.917, p < 0.001). The overall accuracy of the VOG was estimated at 80.53% with an error rate of 19.46%. There was no significant difference in VOG skew estimations compared with the gold standard except for very small skews. Conclusions VOG offers an objective and quantitative skew measurement and proved to be accurate in measuring vertical eye misalignment compared to the ACT with prisms. Precision was moderate, which mandates a sufficient number of tests per subject.

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Automated Diagnosis and Measurement of Strabismus in Children

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: A validation study

Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: A validation study

An automatic screening method for strabismus detection based on image processing

Automated alternate cover test for ‘HINTS’ assessment: a validation study

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