“…According to the author, the main techniques are the nested switch statement, the state table, and the object-oriented State design pattern. Shalyto et al [13], [14] promote structuring control programs as state machines in the C language using the switch statement. Wagner in [11] proposed to represent a reactive system as a set of concurrently operating state machines.…”
Section: B State Machine Programming In Industrial Applicationsmentioning
This paper presents the core concepts for the poST language -a process-oriented extension of the IEC 61131-3 Structured Text (ST) language which intends to provide a conceptual consistency of the PLC source code with technological description of the plant operating procedure. The poST can be seamlessly used as a textual programming language for complex PLC software in the context of IEC 61131-3 (3 rd Edition). The language combines the advantages of FSM-based programming with the conventional syntax of the ST language which would facilitate its adoption. The poST language assumes that a poSTprogram is a set of weakly connected concurrent processes, structurally and functionally corresponding to the technological description of the plant. Each process is specified by a sequential set of states. The states are specified by a set of the ST constructs, extended by TIMEOUT operation, SET STATE operation, and START / STOP / check state operations to communicate with other processes. The paper describes the basic syntax of the poST language, demonstrates the usage of the poST language by developing control software for an elevator, and compares the development in poST with pure Structured Text.
“…According to the author, the main techniques are the nested switch statement, the state table, and the object-oriented State design pattern. Shalyto et al [13], [14] promote structuring control programs as state machines in the C language using the switch statement. Wagner in [11] proposed to represent a reactive system as a set of concurrently operating state machines.…”
Section: B State Machine Programming In Industrial Applicationsmentioning
This paper presents the core concepts for the poST language -a process-oriented extension of the IEC 61131-3 Structured Text (ST) language which intends to provide a conceptual consistency of the PLC source code with technological description of the plant operating procedure. The poST can be seamlessly used as a textual programming language for complex PLC software in the context of IEC 61131-3 (3 rd Edition). The language combines the advantages of FSM-based programming with the conventional syntax of the ST language which would facilitate its adoption. The poST language assumes that a poSTprogram is a set of weakly connected concurrent processes, structurally and functionally corresponding to the technological description of the plant. Each process is specified by a sequential set of states. The states are specified by a set of the ST constructs, extended by TIMEOUT operation, SET STATE operation, and START / STOP / check state operations to communicate with other processes. The paper describes the basic syntax of the poST language, demonstrates the usage of the poST language by developing control software for an elevator, and compares the development in poST with pure Structured Text.
“…Systems designed by this programming technique recognize the given environment and determine their current state. These systems can then take action by performing a proper state transition [8], [9].…”
Given the success of online shopping platforms and e-commerce technology, there is an increasing necessity to quickly and safely package different types of items. Addressing this necessity requires technology to accurately measure items at a high speed. Existing studies, however, lack in terms of reproducibility and the diversity of the items measured. In this paper, we present a novel approach for item measurement, targeting automated packaging systems that make use of belt conveyors. In particular, leveraging a scenario-driven approach and an automata-based control design, we describe in detail the creation of a real-world prototype for belt conveyor-based item measurement. Experimental results obtained for this prototype demonstrate that it is possible to measure different types of items (boxes, books, household items) with a mean error of less than 3.02mm and a standard deviation of less than 2.34mm, for a maximum conveyor belt speed that is less than 0.5m/s and a maximum calculation time of 20ms.
“…Its capability for rigorous representation of all the relevant engineering problems occurring in detailed protocol design turned it into a specification system. Although oriented towards modeling networks and their protocols, SMURPH became a de facto general purpose specification and simulation package for reactive systems [25,26].…”
We describe our "holistic" platform for developing wireless ad hoc sensor networks and focus on its most representative and essential virtualization component: VUE 2 (the Virtual Underlay Emulation Engine). Its role is to provide a vehicle for the authoritative emulation of complete networked applications before physically deploying any wireless nodes. The goal is to be able to verify those applications exhaustively before programming the hardware, such that no further (field) tests are necessary. We explain how VUE 2 achieves this goal owing to several facilitating factors, most notably the powerful programming paradigm that our platform adopts. As implied by the holistic nature of the discussed system, our work touches upon operating systems, simulation, network protocols, real-time systems, and programming methodology.
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