Autoimmunity to collagen in adult periodontal disease: Immunoglobulin classes in sera and tissue

Abstract

The immunoglobulin class distribution of antibody to human collagen type I has been examined in sera and gingival extracts from patients with adult chronic periodontitis. Tissue extracts were made either by simple washing or ultrasonication. With either method, IgG and IgA antibodies to collagen were present in higher concentration in tissue extracts than in autologous serum when adjustment was made for dilution differences. No significant differences were found for IgM antibodies. Antibodies to human collagen type I are usually "natural antibodies" of the IgM class and, therefore, our findings suggest a class switch to IgG in inflamed gingivae, presumably due to prolonged antigenic stimulation.

Autoantibodies to β1‐adrenoceptors in human chronic periodontitis induce overexpression of fibroblast CD40 and trigger prostaglandin E2 generation

“…Anusaksathien et al. (24) have demonstrated that the levels of antibodies to collagen type I in periodontal tissue were above the levels detectable in serum from the same patients, suggesting that autoantibody production occurs predominantly at the disease site. Thus, serum antibody could indicate a disturbance in self‐recognition of gingival fibroblasts by the immune system after disease‐active episodes (25).…”

Role of anti‐β1 adrenergic antibodies from patients with periodontitis in cardiac dysfunction

“…Local production of antibodies against granulomatous tissues within periodontal tissues (10) and detection of immunoglobulins against type I collagen in sera and tissues of patients with periodontal disease suggest that autoimmunity may play a role in periodontal disease (11).…”

Autoreactivity of Serum Immunoglobulin to Periodontal Tissue Components: A Pilot Study

“…An autoimmune basis for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease was first postulated in 1965 6 . Since then, a multitude of studies have focused on detecting autoantibodies directed toward various self‐antigens, such as type I, II, IV, V, and VI collagens, 7–10 antidesmosomal antibodies, 11 antibodies against aggregated immunoglobulin G (IgG), 7 host DNA, 12 and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies 13 . Many of these antibodies have been analyzed in peripheral blood samples, gingival biopsies, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with all classifications of periodontal disease as well as healthy controls.…”