“…Our inability to find survivin autoantibodies in NSCLC patients is not in agreement with the results reported by others (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), who found survivin autoantibodies with an 8% to 52% prevalence. Although these inconsistent findings may have been due to differences in the type of tumor, the stage of lung cancer, or the source of antigen, the most likely explanation is the difference in assay methodology.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 57%
“…Antibodies to survivin are one of the autoantibodies described most frequently in lung cancer (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Survivin, also known as baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5), is a member of the inhibitor apoptosis proteins (IAP) family.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For that purpose, we collected, NSCLC cases from the NELSON trial with well-matched controls to the NSCLC cases, subdivided into individuals who were currently smoking or were former smokers. In addition, we included late-stage NSCLC patients from the Dutch Association of Pulmonologists for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis (NVALT)-12 study (22) and a control group of generally healthy blood donors, similar to that used in the publications on survivin autoantibodies (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All published studies on survivin autoantibodies in lung cancer have used the direct antigen-coating (DAC) form of an ELISA with a recombinant survivin (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). However, the DAC-ELISA assay can give false-positive results if antibodies bind to impurities in the antigen preparation.…”
The high mortality rate in lung cancer is largely attributable to late diagnosis. Case-control studies suggest that autoantibodies to the survivin protein are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis. We tested the hypothesis that sandwich ELISA can detect autoantibodies to survivin before radiologic diagnosis in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Because previous studies assayed survivin autoantibodies with the direct antigencoating ELISA (DAC-ELISA), we first compared that assay with the sandwich ELISA. Based on the more robust results from the sandwich ELISA, we used it to measure survivin autoantibodies in the serum of 100 individuals from a well-controlled population study [the Dutch-Belgian Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NELSON) trial] composed of current and former smokers (50 patients with NSCLC, both before and after diagnosis, and 50 matched, smoking-habit control subjects), and another 50 healthy nonsmoking control subjects. We found no difference in specific autoantibodies to survivin in NSCLC patients, although nonspecific median optical densities were 24% higher (P < 0.001) in both NSCLC patients and smokers, than in healthy nonsmokers. Finally, we confirmed the ELISA results with Western blot analysis of recombinant and endogenous survivin (HEK-293), which showed no anti-survivin reactivity in patient sera. We conclude that specific anti-survivin autoantibody reactivity is most likely not present in sera before or after diagnosis. Autoantibody studies benefit from a comparison to a well-controlled population, stratified for smoking habit.
“…Our inability to find survivin autoantibodies in NSCLC patients is not in agreement with the results reported by others (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), who found survivin autoantibodies with an 8% to 52% prevalence. Although these inconsistent findings may have been due to differences in the type of tumor, the stage of lung cancer, or the source of antigen, the most likely explanation is the difference in assay methodology.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 57%
“…Antibodies to survivin are one of the autoantibodies described most frequently in lung cancer (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Survivin, also known as baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5), is a member of the inhibitor apoptosis proteins (IAP) family.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For that purpose, we collected, NSCLC cases from the NELSON trial with well-matched controls to the NSCLC cases, subdivided into individuals who were currently smoking or were former smokers. In addition, we included late-stage NSCLC patients from the Dutch Association of Pulmonologists for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis (NVALT)-12 study (22) and a control group of generally healthy blood donors, similar to that used in the publications on survivin autoantibodies (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All published studies on survivin autoantibodies in lung cancer have used the direct antigen-coating (DAC) form of an ELISA with a recombinant survivin (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). However, the DAC-ELISA assay can give false-positive results if antibodies bind to impurities in the antigen preparation.…”
The high mortality rate in lung cancer is largely attributable to late diagnosis. Case-control studies suggest that autoantibodies to the survivin protein are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis. We tested the hypothesis that sandwich ELISA can detect autoantibodies to survivin before radiologic diagnosis in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Because previous studies assayed survivin autoantibodies with the direct antigencoating ELISA (DAC-ELISA), we first compared that assay with the sandwich ELISA. Based on the more robust results from the sandwich ELISA, we used it to measure survivin autoantibodies in the serum of 100 individuals from a well-controlled population study [the Dutch-Belgian Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NELSON) trial] composed of current and former smokers (50 patients with NSCLC, both before and after diagnosis, and 50 matched, smoking-habit control subjects), and another 50 healthy nonsmoking control subjects. We found no difference in specific autoantibodies to survivin in NSCLC patients, although nonspecific median optical densities were 24% higher (P < 0.001) in both NSCLC patients and smokers, than in healthy nonsmokers. Finally, we confirmed the ELISA results with Western blot analysis of recombinant and endogenous survivin (HEK-293), which showed no anti-survivin reactivity in patient sera. We conclude that specific anti-survivin autoantibody reactivity is most likely not present in sera before or after diagnosis. Autoantibody studies benefit from a comparison to a well-controlled population, stratified for smoking habit.
“…Furthermore, survivin expression is known to participate in the grade, metastasis and aggressiveness of human tumors [3,4]. Whether survivin found extracellularly originates from dead cancer cells or is actively secreted is presently unknown, although survivin has been demonstrated to induce antibody responses in human cancer patients and might be a useful tumor marker [6,10,11]. In addition, survivin overexpression might be associated with the malignancy of mast cell tumors, lymphoma and carcinoma in dogs [7][8][9].…”
ABSTRACT. Survivin overexpression has been reported in relation to tumor malignancy, suggesting that it is an unfavorable prognostic marker, and antibody responses to this protein have been confirmed in human cancer patients. In this study, we investigated antibody responses to survivin in canine cancer cases, and examined the prevalence of such responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant canine survivin protein as the antigen. The cut-off value for positivity in the anti-survivin ELISA was 0.35, as determined using the mean absorbance +2 S.D. of samples from healthy dogs. Sera from 16 of 59 (27.1%) cancer and 3 of 25 (12%) non-cancer disease dogs were positive on ELISA. The highest positivity rates (>50%) among the cancer cases were seen in dogs with mammary tumor, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma.
These findings suggest that survivin may act as a major cancer antigen in head and neck cancer. Anti-survivin antibody responses may be a valuable marker in patients with head and neck cancer.
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