Autoimmune Exocrinopathy Presenting as Recurrent Parotitis of Childhood

Primary Sjögren syndrome in the paediatric age: a multicentre survey

“…As previously reported, also in the paediatric age are females more commonly affected than males (M:F = 1:7). Recurrent parotid swelling represents the most important clinical manifestation at the onset of disease and can also be present during followup, while oral/ocular involvement is present in a smaller percentage of children, as already reported [2,6,8,9,10,16,20,23]. Moreover, we were able to detect unusual features of the disease such as renal tubular acidosis, central and peripheral nervous system involvement (meningoencephalitis, polyradiculoneuritis and tetraparesis),erythema annulare, Hashimoto thyroiditis, hepatitis, and Raynaud phenomenon.…”

“…SS most commonly affects middle-aged women and has been described very rarely in childhood, especially in its primary form [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,23,24,25]. Our series is one of the largest published up to now on primary SS in childhood.…”

“…Previous studies have also shown that recurrent parotid gland enlargement is the most common manifestation of SS in children [2,6,8,9,10,13,16,17,20,23,24]. Drosos et al [8] showed recurrent parotid gland enlargement in 77% of the paediatric patients at the onset of the disease whereas sicca manifestations were the most common clinical symptoms in adults.…”

Inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands in infants and adolescents

“…There are conflicting opinions in the literature as to a possible connection with congenital [9,21], acquired or multifactorial inflammationinduced stenosis and ectasia of the duct system [20], congenital duct anomalies [22] and post-infectious factors [13]. In addition, the involvement of autoimmune processes has been suggested [23,24]. Chronic sialectatic parotitis (CSP) in infants and adolescents is a special entity [11] whose pathogenesis may be associated with immunopathological reactions of mucosa membrane associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).…”

Juvenile recurrent parotitis: a case report

“…JRP is generally associated with reduced salivary flow and non‐obstructive sialectasis; however, it is not clear if sialectasis is the cause or rather the effect of the infection ascending from the mouth 8 . Theories on aetiology include recurrent infection, allergy, congenital/structural defects, genetic factors and abnormal masseter muscle activity 6,8–15 . It is now known that the natural history of the condition is benign in the majority of cases and, therefore, conservative treatment is advocated 1 .…”