Autoimmune Diseases and Vitamin D Receptor Apa-I Polymorphism are Associated with Vitiligo in a Small Inbred Romanian Community

Birlea, Stanca A.; Birlea, Marius; Cimponeriu, Danut; Apostol, Pompilia; Cosgarea, Raluca; Gavrilă, Lucian; Ţigan, Ştefan; Costin, Gertrude; Das, Pranab K.

doi:10.2340/00015555-0093

Cited by 29 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As our study was performed in Toronto and the other in India, dietary and social differences between the two populations might have affected the results. The most likely confounding factor, however, is sun exposure, as it can stimulate the proliferation of melanocytes and affect the production of vitamin D, both of which can impact vitiligo [1,34]. An attempt was made to compensate for this by starting the study in May, but some participants were recruited late in the summer, and completed the 12 week study in November, thus experiencing substantial decreasing intensity of sun exposure over the last few months of their treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the study was open labeled, not controlled, and not randomized, it is quite likely that some of the demonstrated benefit may be due to a placebo effect. However, this is unlikely that all of the results we report can be accounted for by spontaneous repigmentation of vitiligo because these are generally considered clinically insignificant and cosmetically undetectable [34,43]. …”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of vitilgo vulgaris: an open label pilot clinical trial

Szczurko

Shear

Taddio

et al. 2011

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundVitiligo is a common hypopigmentation disorder with significant psychological impact if occurring before adulthood. A pilot clinical trial to determine the feasibility of an RCT was conducted and is reported here.Methods12 participants 12 to 35 years old were recruited to a prospective open-label pilot trial and treated with 60 mg of standardized G. biloba two times per day for 12 weeks. The criteria for feasibility included successful recruitment, 75% or greater retention, effectiveness and lack of serious adverse reactions. Effectiveness was assessed using the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) and the Vitiligo European Task Force (VETF), which are validated outcome measures evaluating the area and intensity of depigmentation of vitiligo lesions. Other outcomes included photographs and adverse reactions. Safety was assessed by serum coagulation factors (platelets, PTT, INR) at baseline and week 12.ResultsAfter 2 months of recruitment, the eligible upper age limit was raised from 18 to 35 years of age in order to facilitate recruitment of the required sample size. Eleven participants completed the trial with 85% or greater adherence to the protocol. The total VASI score improved by 0.5 (P = 0.021) from 5.0 to 4.5, range of scale 0 (no depigmentation) to 100 (completely depigmented). The progression of vitiligo stopped in all participants; the total VASI indicated an average repigmentation of vitiligo lesions of 15%. VETF total vitiligo lesion area decreased 0.4% (P = 0.102) from 5.9 to 5.6 from baseline to week 12. VETF staging score improved by 0.7 (P = 0.101) from 6.6 to 5.8, and the VETF spreading score improved by 3.9 (P < 0.001)) from 2.7 to -1.2. There were no statistically significant changes in platelet count, PTT, or INR.ConclusionsThe criteria for feasibility were met after increasing the maximum age limit of the successful recruitment criterion; participant retention, safety and effectiveness criteria were also met. Ingestion of 60 mg of Ginkgo biloba BID was associated with a significant improvement in total VASI vitiligo measures and VETF spread, and a trend towards improvement on VETF measures of vitiligo lesion area and staging. Larger, randomized double-blind clinical studies are warranted and appear feasible.Trial RegistrationClinical trials.gov registration number NCT00907062

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of vitilgo vulgaris: an open label pilot clinical trial

Szczurko

Shear

Taddio

et al. 2011

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…The mentioned study investigated 31 patients with vitiligo in a Romanian rural community which has a high rate of consanguine marriages reaching 72.3% [17]. It has always been expected that genetic patterns could be easily detected in such isolated populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that these polymorphisms are associated with various diseases including psoriasis, diabetes mellitus and cancers [10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. Up to date, there is only one study showing that the Apa I polymorphism of the VDR gene is associated with vitiligo and might play a role in the etiopathogenesis of the disease [17]. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the association between VDR gene polymorphisms ( Bsm I, Apa I, Taq I, Fok I and Cdx2) and susceptibility to vitiligo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Vitiligo

Aydıngöz

Bingül²,

Doğru‐Abbasoğlu³

et al. 2012

Dermatology

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Background: Vitiligo is a progressive depigmenting disorder characterized by the loss of functional melanocytes from the epidermis. The etiopathogenesis of vitiligo is still unclear. Vitamin D has both stimulatory and protective effects on melanocytes and acts through its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) on target cells. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to vitiligo. Methods: 98 patients with vitiligo and 216 age- and sex-matched controls recruited from dermatology outpatients attending the same department were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using a DNA isolation kit. The VDR polymorphisms of BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, FokI and Cdx2 were investigated by rapid capillary PCR with melting curve analysis. Differences in genotype distributions and allele frequencies in vitiligo cases versus controls were compared for statistical significance using χ² test. Results: Subjects with TaqI polymorphism had a 2.23-fold increased risk of developing vitiligo. Furthermore, a haplotype analysis showed that BsmI/ApaI/TaqI/FokI/Cdx2 GCCCG wassignificantly overrepresented in the vitiligo patients in comparison with controls (p = 0.031). Conclusion: This study showed that VDR TaqI gene polymorphism and the haplotype BsmI/ApaI/ TaqI/FokI/Cdx2 GCCCG may be considered as novel risk factors in vitiligo.

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“…According to the convergence theory various factors like autoimmunity, accumulation of melanocyte toxic chemicals, genetic predisposition and defective free radical clearance lead to the development of vitiliginous skin. 17 The serum vitamin D levels are lower in vitiligo patients as compared to non vitiligo patients. In vitro studies have shown that murine B-16 melanoma cells when treated with vitamin D3 exhibit an increase in tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis.…”

Section: Vitamin D Uses In Dermatological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Its Role in Dermatology: A Review of Literature

Sharma¹,

Abrol²,

Badgal³

et al. 2015

jemds

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Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that is crucial for human health. Since long the role of epidermal keratinocytes in the UVB-induced photochemical conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to vitamin D3 is known, and also for the enzymatically controlled hydroxylation of the photolysis product. This whole process results in the formation of the biologically active final product 1, 25-(OH)2 D3 (Calcitriol). Moreover recently various research articles have shown benefits of calcitriol and various other vitamin D analogues having a therapeutic role in various dermatologic conditions like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, vitiligo owing to its anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative action. The present review shows a summary of role of vitamin D in dermatologic perspective. KEYWORDS: Vitamin D, calcitriol, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative. INTRODUCTION:Vitamin D is a fat-soluble prohormone and was identified after the discovery of the anti-rachitic effect of cod liver oil somewhere in the early part of the 20 th century. This vitamin which was found in cod liver oil was assigned as "vitamin D" following Vitamin A, B and C. 1 Vitamin D has two major biologically inert precursors, vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol). 2,3 Out of these precursors, vitamin D3 is formed from 7-dehydrocholesterol present in the skin, which following exposure to solar ultraviolet B (UVB, 290-320 nm), is converted to previtamin D3. Previtamin D3 is immediately converted to vitamin D in a heat dependent process. Moreover excess of UVB rays also transform previtamin D3 into biologically inactive metabolites, tachysterol and lumisterol. On the other hand, the other precursor vitamin D2 is plant derived and its source is through diet. 1 Vitamin D has both endocrine and autocrine functions. The endocrine role of vitamin D is mainly in serum calcium homeostasis.The autocrine effects of vitamin D depend mainly on genetic transcription specific to the various types of cells expressing nuclear vitamin D receptors. These functions lead to inhibition of cell proliferation, promotion of cell differentiation and apoptosis. Thus vitamin D has an important role in modulation of calcium homeostasis, cardiovascular dynamics, musculoskeletal health and genetic expression. 4,5,6 In Dermatology, topical vitamin D and its analogues are being used since time immemorial in various conditions like vitiligo, psoriasis in the form calcitriol, calcipotriol, etc. Recently vitamin D deficiency and its reduced levels in serum has been seen in various skin diseases.

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Autoimmune Diseases and Vitamin D Receptor Apa-I Polymorphism are Associated with Vitiligo in a Small Inbred Romanian Community

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of vitilgo vulgaris: an open label pilot clinical trial

Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of vitilgo vulgaris: an open label pilot clinical trial

Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Vitiligo

Vitamin D and Its Role in Dermatology: A Review of Literature

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