Autogenous Dentin Particulate Graft for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation with and without Use of Collagen Membrane: Preliminary Histological Analysis on Humans

Abstract

(1) Background: The phenomenon of ankylosis of the dental elements has led clinicians to think that properly treated dentin and cement may be a potential graft for alveolar ridge augmentation. Currently, there are no studies in the literature able to histomorphometrically compare the healing patterns of an autogenous dentin particulate graft with the association, or not, of resorbable membranes. The aim of this pilot study is to histologically compare bone after an alveolar ridge augmentation using an autogenous dentin particulate graft with and without a resorbable collagen membrane. (2) Methods: this clinical trial enrolled six patients with defects requiring bone augmentation. Two procedures were performed in all six adult human patients in order to perform a study–control study: in Group 1, a ridge augmentation procedure with an autogenous dentin particulate graft and a resorbable collagen membrane was performed, and, in Group 2, an alveolar ridge preservation without a membrane was performed at the same time (T0). At 4 months, a biopsy of the bone tissues was performed using a 4 mm trephine bur in order to perform a histomorphometric analysis. (3) Results: The histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that Group 1 presented 45% of bone volume, 38% of vital bone, and 7% of residual graft. On the contrary, membrane-free regenerative procedures demonstrated 37% of bone volume, 9% of vital bone, and 27% of non-resorbed graft. In all cases, the regenerated bone allowed the insertion of implants with a standard platform, and no early failures were recorded. (4) Conclusions: Autogenous dentin particulate grafts seem to work best when paired with a membrane.

Auto‐dentin platelet‐rich fibrin matrix is an alternative biomaterial for different augmentation procedures: A retrospective case series report

“…It is important to note that a systematic review reported inconclusive findings regarding the effect of PRF on bone regeneration (Miron et al, 2017). In line with other recent studies, the histologic evaluation of our study supports the potential of the dentin matrix as a valuable contributor to defect fill and optimal healing (Cervera‐Maillo et al, 2021; Minetti et al, 2022). In addition, the combination of autogenous dentin particles and PRF in this study resulted in successful ridge augmentation, even without primary soft tissue closure.…”

Autologous Tooth Graft: Innovative Biomaterial for Bone Regeneration. Tooth Transformer® and the Role of Microbiota in Regenerative Dentistry. A Systematic Review

“…Minetti et al studied the use of DDM (406 µm and 815 µm with peaks up to 1110 µm) as a bone substitute for alveolar ridge augmentation with and without collagen membrane. At four months, a bone tissue biopsy to perform and histological analysis showed more bone volume and vital bone in the sites where membrane had been used in association with DDM [ 79 ].…”