“…To this end, the research field of event log anomaly detection (or event log cleaning) has emerged recently, providing methods to detect anomalies at trace level [1,2,9,10,13], i.e., concerning the order and occurrence of activities in a process, and at event level [15,16,18], i.e., concerning the value of attributes of events, using a variety of different approaches. Note that event log anomaly detection is normally (process) model-agnostic, that is, it does not assume the existence of a process model or clean traces from which a model can be extracted.…”