Autoeficácia psicossocial em jovens com Diabetes Mellitus e sua influência no autocuidado

Abstract

Objetivo: identificar a autoeficácia psicossocial em jovens com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 e associação com variáveis sociodemográficas, perfil de saúde e busca por atendimento de saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 35 jovens, mediante entrevista audiogravada. Usou-se dois instrumentos: a) roteiro de caracterização sociodemográfica, perfil de saúde e busca por atendimento em saúde; b) Escala de Autoeficácia em Diabetes-Versão Curta. Na análise, utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial - teste Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: a totalidade dos jovens apresentou índices satisfatórios de autoeficácia (moderada e alta). Embora sem significância estatística, observou-se a proporção ligeiramente maior de autoeficácia alta em jovens do sexo masculino, maiores de 18 anos, da cor branca, que não trabalham, com plano de saúde, acima do peso, com mais de oito anos de diagnóstico e que não sofreram hospitalização. Conclusão: os jovens apresentam autoeficácia satisfatória, não sendo observada associação significativa com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas.

Biopsychosocial pediatric nursing interventions in the adolescente diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus

“…According to Cruz et al (2018), the family is one of the main pillars of adolescents in the process of adapting to the new health condition, so for Gomes et al (2019), it is essential that the specialist nurse Child and Paediatric Health also understand the feelings and needs of family members in the face of the diagnosis, that they are able to provide the greatest and best support to their adolescent. Nass et al (2019) also recognise the importance of the family throughout the process but add that it does not replace all the multidisciplinary professional follow-up to which adolescents are entitled. Among several interventions, Gomes et al (2019) highlight the transmission of knowledge through awareness-raising actions and information documents, as well as the sharing of experiences in support groups designated for this purpose.…”

“…The diagnosis of DM1 causes a range of adverse feelings in adolescents, which makes it difficult for them to live with the disease (Nass et al, 2019). Unexpectedly, adolescents find themselves responsible for managing their health and survival, experiencing feelings such as sadness, anger, fear (Alencar et al, 2013), frustration, and anxiety (Aguiar et al, 2021).…”

“…Until adolescents perceive the disease with some normality in their daily lives, they need to accept it. However, acceptance of the disease first involves a complex process of knowing how to deal with it, in so far as adolescents must understand that it is harmful to them and can cause them serious problems, that the behaviours to be adopted are effective in coping with and controlling the disease, and that the difficulties in implementing specific actions and behaviours are overcome by their benefits (Nass et al, 2019).…”

“…Thus, over time, and with due monitoring and emotional support, the literature makes it known that adolescents effectively adapt to DM1 and its requirements, becoming aware of the chronicity of the disease and possible consequent complications, thus assuming the role of main agents. in the management of their health condition (Pérez-Marín et al, 2015;Nass et al, 2019;Freitas et al, 2020;Galler et al, 2020;Zanatta et al, 2020).…”