Autocorrelation Based White Space Detection in Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Network

Abstract

Accurate detection of White Space (WS) is of paramount importance in a Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) to prevent authorized users from harmful interference. However, channel impairment such as multipath fading and shadowing affects accurate detection of WS resulting in interference. The Existing Feature Detection (EFD) technique used to address the problem is faced with computational complexity and synchronization resulting in long sensing time, bandwidth inefficiency, energy constrain and poor detection rate. Hence, this paper proposes autocorrelation based multiple antenna with energy harvesting for WS detection in a CRN using Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting and autocorrelation of the received signal with a modified Equal Gain Combiner (mEGC). Antenna Switching (AS) RF energy harvesting with mEGC are used to harvest energy and information from the received PU signal in a multiple antenna configuration. Autocorrelation is then obtained and compared with the set threshold of zero to determine the presence or absence of WS. The proposed technique is evaluated using Spectral Efficiency (SE), Probability of Detection (PD) and Sensing Time (ST) by comparing with EFD technique. The results obtained revealed that the proposed technique shows better performance than EFD.

Implementation and analysis of 5G network identification operations at low signal-to-noise ratio

“…To synchronize the waveform in time, we use a method that is based on the estimate of the PSS time offset with the highest correlation. An increase in the accuracy of the synchronization error estimate was carried out based on the determination of the degree of correlation [16] between the CP OFDM symbols in SSB and the payload of the OFDM symbol sequence. Because coarse and residual timing estimates have conflicting characteristics, we considered a hybrid design that included both coarse and fine timing estimates.…”

“…Soatti et al [15], aspects of node-to-node synchronization of 5G in the context of the implementation of Internet of Things technologies are considered in detail. In [16]- [22] general concepts organization synchronization systems and design of detectors synchronization errors are considered, provided that multi-position modulation signals are used [23]- [25]. Fourati et al [26] considers modern concepts for self-organizing cellular networks applied to 5G.…”