Autoclave Sterilization Powered Medical IoT Sensor Systems

Danioł, Mateusz; Böhler, Lukas; Keller, Anton; Sroka, Ryszard

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11187-8_3

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Using the CR2450 coin cell, a total runtime of over 100 days can therefore be predicted, which by far exceeds the required 30 days. This enables a reliable solution without the need of wireless charging or energy harvesting as mentioned by Daniol et al, Lech and Hung et al [ 15 , 16 , 19 ] and enables therefore cost and size reduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the protection of the electronics from high temperatures, a long runtime has to be ensured. For use in clinical applications, a sensor system must either function for a very long time using a primary cell or, as was investigated in earlier studies by Daniol et al and Lech [ 15 , 16 ], be designed to be autonomous with the help of thermal energy harvesting. Other approaches, for example, made by Rajasekaran et al [ 17 ], consider automated wireless charging of sensors, but this creates further challenges that should not be considered in a first step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensors in the Autoclave-Modelling and Implementation of the IoT Steam Sterilization Procedure Counter

Boehler

Danioł

Sroka

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Surgical procedures involve major risks, as pathogens can enter the body unhindered. To prevent this, most surgical instruments and implants are sterilized. However, ensuring that this process is carried out safely and according to the normative requirements is not a trivial task. This study aims to develop a sensor system that can automatically detect successful steam sterilization on the basis of the measured temperature profiles. This can be achieved only when the relationship between the temperature on the surface of the tool and the temperature at the measurement point inside the tool is known. To find this relationship, the thermodynamic model of the system has been developed. Simulated results of thermal simulations were compared with the acquired temperature profiles to verify the correctness of the model. Simulated temperature profiles are in accordance with the measured temperature profiles, thus the developed model can be used in the process of further development of the system as well as for the development of algorithms for automated evaluation of the sterilization process. Although the developed sensor system proved that the detection of sterilization cycles can be automated, further studies that address the possibility of optimization of the system in terms of geometrical dimensions, used materials, and processing algorithms will be of significant importance for the potential commercialization of the presented solution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensors in the Autoclave-Modelling and Implementation of the IoT Steam Sterilization Procedure Counter

Boehler

Danioł

Sroka

et al. 2021

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…The use of boost converter and voltage stabilizer is a need to provide a reliable power source for the chip. This work is a further development of the idea presented by the authors, however different technologies and a passive data storage system concept is investigated in this study in comparison to [25]. Another issue is to handle both the positive current generated by the energy harvesting module during steam sterilization procedure as well as a negative current generated after the whole procedure, when the module is cooling down and the heat flux is in the opposite direction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous work, authors focused on powering the Bluetooth Low Energy device, while in this paper only the RF430 passive RFID chip had to be powered. This resulted in using a single TEG module in the current work in comparison to two TEG modules connected in series in the previous prototype [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main technical challenge of this study is to provide a thermal gradient across the TEG module sufficient for powering a sensor node, while keeping the size of the energy-harvesting module as small as possible. Previous research showed that a thermal insulated metallic heat storage unit (HSU) connected to the TEG results in a significant heat difference during a steam sterilization cycle [25].…”

Section: Modeling Of the Teg-based Self-powered Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and Implementation of TEG-Based Energy Harvesting System for Steam Sterilization Surveillance Sensor Node

Danioł

Boehler

Sroka

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The aim of this work is a proof of concept, that medical Internet of Things (IoT) sterilization surveillance sensors can be powered by using the heat during a steam sterilization procedure. Hereby, the focus was on the use of thermo-electrical generators (TEG) to generate enough power for an ultra-low-power sensor application. Power generation requirement of the sensor was 1.6 mW over the single sterilization cycle. The thermal gradient across the TEG has been achieved using a highly efficient aerogel-foam-based thermal insulation, shielding a heat storage unit (HSU), connected to one side of the TEG. The evaluation of the developed system was carried out with thermal and electrical simulations based on the parameters extracted from the TEG manufacturer’s datasheet. The developed model has been validated with a real prototype using the thermal step response method. It was important for the authors to focus on rapid-prototyping and using off-the-shelf devices and materials. Based on comparison with the physical prototype, the SPICE model was adjusted. With a thermal gradient of 12 °C, the simulated model generated over 2 mW of power. The results show that a significant power generation with this system is possible and usable for sensor applications in medial IoT.

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Autoclave Sterilization Powered Medical IoT Sensor Systems

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Sensors in the Autoclave-Modelling and Implementation of the IoT Steam Sterilization Procedure Counter

Sensors in the Autoclave-Modelling and Implementation of the IoT Steam Sterilization Procedure Counter

Modeling and Implementation of TEG-Based Energy Harvesting System for Steam Sterilization Surveillance Sensor Node

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