Autobiographical Memory, Gratitude, Forgiveness and Sense of Humor: An Intervention in Older Adults

Abstract

Research has shown that happiness and well-being play a fundamental role in the health of older adults. For this reason, programs based on Positive Psychology seek to improve quality of life, preventing and reducing the appearance of emotional disorders. The objective of this study was to verify whether an intervention based on Autobiographical Memory, Forgiveness, Gratitude, and Sense of humor would increase quality of life in institutionalized older adults. We used a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention measures and follow-on measures at 3, 6, and 12 months. A total of 111 institutionalized older adults participated in the study and were randomly assigned to one of three groups: experimental (n = 36), placebo (n = 39), and control (n = 36). Measurements were taken of depression, subjective happiness, satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, and specific memories. Program duration was 11 weeks, followed by refresher sessions of the activities that had been conducted. The results showed that the intervention was effective, producing lasting increase in the participating adults’ well-being, maintained for the following 12 months, in contrast to the other two groups. In conclusion, the proposed intervention proved to be a novel tool that was effective, easily applied, and able to improve quality of life and emotional disorders in older adults.

Systematic Literature Review Using Big Data Analysis: Cyberbullying dan Forgiveness pada Remaja

“…Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya, forgiveness memiliki hubungan dengan cyberbullying. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dari forgiveness terhadap korban cyberbullying [27]. Individu yang mempunyai tingkat forgiveness yang tinggi hanya mengalami sedikit perasaan sakit hati saat mengalami perundungan atau dibully [28].…”

“…Remaja dengan sikap forgiveness yang lebih baik mempunyai kemungkinan lebih kecil untuk menjadi pelaku, yang mungkin mempunyai implikasi dalam mengelola siklus kekerasan dan viktimisasi teman sebaya [35]. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan penelitian terbaru apabila korban bereaksi terhadap penindasan dengan cara balas dendam dan penghindaran akan sering kali mengalami penyesuaian psikologis yang lebih buruk dan juga sering kali terlibat dalam penindasan [27]. Sebaliknya apabila remaja melakukan forgiveness akan cenderung memiliki penyesuaian psikologis yang lebih baik (dibandingkan ketika mereka tidak forgiveness) dan lebih jarang melakukan intimidasi terhadap individu lain.…”