Autoantibody Reaction to Myelin Basic Protein by Plasma Parvovirus B19 IgG in MS Patients

Thomas, Gregory W.; Rael, Leonard T.; Shimonkevitz, Rick; Melamed, Isaac; Bar‐Or, David

doi:10.2174/092986606775101715

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…A systematic review on neurological involvement of B19V-related infections included 129 patients, of whom 79 (61.2%) had central nervous system manifestations, 41 (31.8%) had peripheral nervous system manifestations and nine (7%) had myalgic encephalomyelitis, but most had encephalitis (50/129) ultimately79. Several other neurological afflictions8081, acute encephalitis and encephalopathy58, focal seizure5960, acute cerebellitis61, mononeuropathy multiplex62, and Guillain-Barré syndrome63 have been reported, but the mechanism is largely obscure; however, molecular mimicry and autoimmunity to basic myelin protein are most likely as in multiple sclerosis64.…”

Section: Multiorgan Afflictions By Human Parvovirus B19 (B19v) and Itmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical impact & pathogenic mechanisms of human parvovirus B19: A multiorgan disease inflictor incognito

Kishore

2018

Indian J Med Res

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Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes myriads of clinical diseases; however, owing to lack of awareness and undetermined clinical impact, it has failed to become a virus pathogen of global concern. Cryptically, B19V causes significant morbidity and mortality. Half of the world population and 60 per cent of Indians are known to be serologically naive and are at risk of acquiring B19V infections. Cumulatively, our data showed 21.3 per cent B19V-infected patients with juvenile chronic arthropathy, recurrent abortions, multi-transfused thalassaemia and leukaemia. In addition, B19V-infected cases that ended fatally included patients with pure red cell aplasia, fulminant hepatitis and haemophagocytic syndrome. Novel clinical associations of B19V observed were amegakaryocytic thrombocytopaenia, myositis and non-occlusive ischaemic gangrene of bowel. B19V possesses multiple receptors which are distributed widely in human tissues. Vascular endothelial cell infection by B19V causes endothelialitis and vasculitic injuries besides antibody-dependent enhancement which empowered B19V to cause multiorgan diseases. Owing to lack of suitable animal model for B19V, true causal role remains to be determined, but numerous reports on B19V infections substantiate a causal role in multiorgan diseases. Hence, B19V infections need to be recognized, investigated and treated besides making efforts on vaccine developments.

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Section: Multiorgan Afflictions By Human Parvovirus B19 (B19v) and Itmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical impact & pathogenic mechanisms of human parvovirus B19: A multiorgan disease inflictor incognito

Kishore

2018

Indian J Med Res

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“…Several reports have suggested that B19V plays a role in the etiology of autoimmune diseases [126]. The mechanisms involved in B19-associated autoimmunity include molecular mimicry [127,128], B19V-induced apoptosis with presentation of self-antigens to T lymphocytes [129,130] and the phospholipase activity of the B19V VP1 protein which may contribute to the inflammatory processes induced by the production of leukotrienes and prostaglandins, and may also lead to the generation of unnatural cleavage products from cellular phospholipids that may induce anti-phospholipid antibodies in combination with a distinct genetic background [126,[131][132][133][134][135].…”

Section: Human Parvovirus B19 (B19v)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the knowledge of complex diseases: Environmental infectious/toxic agents as potential etiopathogenetic factors of systemic sclerosis

Ferri

Arcangeletti

Caselli

et al. 2021

Journal of Autoimmunity

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease secondary to three cardinal pathological features: immunesystem alterations, diffuse microangiopathy, and fibrosis involving the skin and internal organs. The etiology of SSc remains quite obscure; it may encompass multiple host genetic and environmental -infectious/chemicalfactors.The present review focused on the potential role of environmental agents in the etiopathogenesis of SSc based on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory investigations previously published in the world literature.Among infectious agents, some viruses that may persist and reactivate in infected individuals, namely human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), and parvovirus B19 (B19V), and retroviruses have been proposed as potential causative agents of SSc. These viruses share a number of biological activities and consequent pathological alterations, such as endothelial dysfunction and/or fibroblast activation.Moreover, the acute worsening of pre-existing interstitial lung involvement observed in SSc patients with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection might suggest a potential role of this virus in the overall disease outcome.A variety of chemical/occupational agents might be regarded as putative etiological factors of SSc. In this setting, the SSc complicating silica dust exposure represents one of the most promising models of study. Considering the complexity of SSc pathogenesis, none of suggested causative factors may explain the appearance of the whole SSc; it is likely that the disease is the result of a multifactorial and multistep pathogenetic process. A variable combination of potential etiological factors may modulate the appearance of different clinical phenotypes detectable in individual scleroderma patients.The in-deep investigations on the SSc etiopathogenesis may provide useful insights in the broad field of human diseases characterized by diffuse microangiopathy or altered fibrogenesis.

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“…The study by Thomas and colleagues227 was based on the fact that B19 infection may result in a variety of neurological manifestations and could play a role in multiple sclerosis which is known to be immune mediated. It was demonstrated that myelin basic protein decreased binding of anti-B19 IgG to B19 antigen in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a role for anti-B19 IgG in a subset of patients with multiple sclerosis.…”

Section: Documented Mechanisms Of Autoimmunity In Parvovirus B19 Infementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of parvovirus B19 in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and autoimmune disease

Kerr

2015

J Clin Pathol

107

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Human parvovirus B19 is a single-stranded DNA virus which preferentially targets the erythroblasts in the bone marrow. B19 infection commonly causes erythema infectiosum, arthralgia, fetal death, transient aplastic crisis in patients with shortened red cell survival, and persistent infection in people who are immunocompromised. Less common clinical manifestations include atypical skin rashes, neurological syndromes, cardiac syndromes, and various cytopenias. B19 infection has also been associated with development of a variety of different autoimmune diseases, including rheumatological, neurological, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, haematological, nephrological and metabolic. Production of a variety of autoantibodies has been demonstrated to occur during B19 infection and these have been shown to be key to the pathogenesis of the particular disease process in a significant number of cases, for example, production of rheumatoid factor in cases of B19-associated rheumatoid arthritis and production of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in patients with B19-associated type 1 diabetes mellitus. B19 infection has also been associated with the development of multiple autoimmune diseases in 12 individuals. Documented mechanisms in B19-associated autoimmunity include molecular mimicry (IgG antibody to B19 proteins has been shown to cross react with a variety of recognised human autoantigens, including collagen II, keratin, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, myelin basic protein, cardiolipin, and platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa), B19-induced apoptosis with presentation of self-antigens to T lymphocytes, and the phospholipase activity of the B19 unique VP1 protein.

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Autoantibody Reaction to Myelin Basic Protein by Plasma Parvovirus B19 IgG in MS Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical impact & pathogenic mechanisms of human parvovirus B19: A multiorgan disease inflictor incognito

Clinical impact & pathogenic mechanisms of human parvovirus B19: A multiorgan disease inflictor incognito

Insights into the knowledge of complex diseases: Environmental infectious/toxic agents as potential etiopathogenetic factors of systemic sclerosis

The role of parvovirus B19 in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and autoimmune disease

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