Auto- and Homotransplanted Kidneys Grafted on the Same dog A Functional Comparison

Experimental xenotransplantation: a personal history*

“…Our analysis of complement depression after heterotransplantation suggested the possibility of two components of rejection -the first directed against red cell antigens, the second against tissue antigens. The pattern of heterograft rejection was not altered by any of the following factors: (1) differences in blood types of the heterotransplanted animals; (2) qualitative differences in erythrocyte cross-matching results; (3) antibody absorption in vivo; or (4) immunosuppressive drugs [9].…”

“…Dating back to the early 1900s, many organ hetero (xenotransplants) from animals into humans had been attempted [2–8]. All were unsuccessful until Reemtsma's series, which gave new impetus to research into the immunologic mechanisms involved in heterotransplantation.…”