Autistic traits and neuropsychological performance in 6- to-10-year-old children: a population-based study

Hyseni, Fjola; Blanken, Laura M. E.; Muetzel, Ryan L.; Verhulst, Frank C.; Tiemeier, Henning; White, Tonya

doi:10.1080/09297049.2018.1465543

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In line with several previous studies [5, 19, 20, 25], we found that difficulties in all subdomains of executive functioning were associated with higher levels of ASD traits as well as a greater risk of having an ASD diagnosis. Some studies suggest that deficits primarily in shifting and planning characterize ASD [5, 6], and that these domains distinguish children with ASD from children with other developmental disorders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Executive functioning deficits associated with both ASD and ADHD are found consistently throughout the literature [5, 6, 16, 17]. The main domains in children with ASD comprise shifting, planning, and working memory [5, 6, 16], although broader executive functioning deficits across all domains have been observed as well [5, 18–20]. Conversely, children with ADHD have more pronounced difficulties in executive functioning, in the domains of inhibition, working memory, vigilance, and planning [5, 17, 18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young children with ADHD or at high risk for ADHD appear to be impaired in executive functioning [33–35], while research on young children with ASD is more inconclusive [36–39]. Some studies find no differences in executive functioning between children with and without ASD [38, 39], whereas others do, but depending on the different age or means of measuring executive functioning [20, 36, 37]. It has been argued that performance tasks and behavioral ratings should be distinguished from each other, as they may measure different aspects of executive functioning [40, 41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive functioning and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood: a prospective population-based study

Otterman

Koopman‐Verhoeff

White

et al. 2019

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundExecutive functioning deficits are common in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, prior research mainly focused on clinical populations employing cross-sectional designs, impeding conclusions on temporal neurodevelopmental pathways. Here, we examined the prospective association of executive functioning with subsequent autism spectrum disorder (ASD) traits and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits.MethodsThis study included young children from the Generation R Study, a general population birth cohort. The Brief Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version was used to assess parent-reported behavioral executive functioning when the children were 4 years old. ASD traits were assessed at age 6 (n = 3938) using the parent-reported Social Responsiveness Scale. The Teacher Report Form was used to assess ADHD traits at age 7 (n = 2749). Children with high scores were screened to determine possible clinical ASD or ADHD diagnoses. We were able to confirm an ASD diagnosis for n = 56 children by retrieving their medical records and established an ADHD diagnosis for n = 194 children using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Young Child version (DISC-YC). Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear and logistic regressions.ResultsImpaired executive functioning was associated with more ASD and ADHD traits across informants (for ASD traits and diagnoses: β = 0.33, 95% CI [0.30–0.37]; OR = 2.69, 95% CI [1.92–3.77], respectively; for ADHD traits and diagnoses: β = 0.12, 95% CI [0.07–0.16]; OR = 2.32, 95% CI [1.89–2.85], respectively). Deficits in all subdomains were associated with higher levels of ASD traits, whereas only impaired inhibition, working memory, and planning/organization were associated with more ADHD traits.ConclusionsThe findings of the current study suggest a graded association of executive functioning difficulties along the continuum of ASD and ADHD and that problems in executive functioning may be a precursor of ASD and ADHD traits from an early age onwards.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive functioning and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood: a prospective population-based study

Otterman

Koopman‐Verhoeff

White

et al. 2019

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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“…Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed independently for the group without ASD and the group with ASD, and the MSCSs were entered as the dependent variables. Based on previous studies, maternal education and child gender [Bernier, Carlson, & Whipple, 2010; Hyseni et al, 2019; Torske, Naerland, Oie, Stenberg, & Andreassen, 2017] were inserted in the first step and the BRIEF‐2 indices (BRI, ERI, CRI) inputted last. If the indices significantly added to the prediction of MSCS scores, another set of regression analyses were then done this time using the subscales of the significant BRIEF‐2 indices.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Executive Functioning in Predicting Social Competence in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Fong

Iarocci

2020

Autism Research

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All children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience social difficulties but they differ with regard to the type and severity of their challenges. Potentially powerful interventions targeting social skills in children with ASD may have limited effectiveness if they are not tailored to the child's specific needs. One factor that may influence social competence is executive functioning (EF). EF may impact social competence by facilitating higher-order strategies such as emotional and cognitive regulation which are necessary for social interactions. Participants included 132 children and adolescents, aged 7-13, including 77 with ASD (M = 10.11, SD = 1.94), and 55 without ASD (M = 9.54, SD = 1.67). Caregivers completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, Version 2 (BRIEF-2) Parent Form, assessing everyday EF skills, and the Multidimensional Social Competence Scale (MSCS). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted separately for the group without ASD and the group with ASD, with MSCS entered as the dependent variables and EF indices and scales of the BRIEF-2 as the main predictor variables. EF deficits in emotional control predicted poor emotion regulation for both children with and without ASD. For the group without ASD, better emotional control and initiation skills predicted empathic concern and social knowledge, respectively. Challenges in self-monitoring significantly predicted difficulties with social inferencing and social knowledge for children with ASD. The findings highlight the importance of targeting specific EF skills that contribute to various aspects of social competence to increase the effectiveness of interventions for children with ASD.

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“…[41] Dysfunction of children's neuroendocrine, in turn, is associated with cognitive [42] and socio-emotional [38]outcomes. Children with autistic traits have lower neuropsychological performance [43] and impairment in social function. [11,44] And as a result, terrible home physical environment may make their symptoms more apparent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between autistic traits and home nurture environment: A community-based study

Shen

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Increasing attention has been directed toward understanding the ways in which social environmental factors influence children’s behavior, in physical and mental health domains. Autistic traits are continuously distributed in general population and children with autistic traits have great risk of additional mental diseases. However, no literature has demonstrated the relation between autistic traits and home nurture environment. Methods: Caregivers of 408 kindergarten children (68% male) were recruited to complete a series of survey measures in China. The measures used were the Clancy Autistic Behavior Scale and the Home Nurture Environment Scale. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations. Results: Frequent language/cognition stimulation (aOR 0.520, 95%CI 0.302-0.896), high level of parental warmth (aOR 0.596, 95%CI 0.392-0.905) and high quality of physical living environment (aOR 0.332, 95%CI 0.196-0.561) were the protective factors of autistic traits after controlling the confounding factors. Results were generally not moderated by the child’s gender or birth order. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of high levels of home nurture environment for autistic traits and indicate that public health programs should focus on guidance of parents for developing more adequate parenting skills and favorable home nurture environment.

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Autistic traits and neuropsychological performance in 6- to-10-year-old children: a population-based study

Cited by 21 publications

References 49 publications

Executive functioning and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood: a prospective population-based study

Executive functioning and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood: a prospective population-based study

The Role of Executive Functioning in Predicting Social Competence in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Association between autistic traits and home nurture environment: A community-based study

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