Autism Spectrum Disorders and Metabolic Complications of Obesity

Shedlock, Katherine; Susi, Apryl; Gorman, Gregory; Hisle-Gorman, Elizabeth; Erdie-Lalena, Christine; Nylund, Cade M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.07.055

Cited by 72 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Fifteen studies were published between 2010 and 2016 9,24–37 . Four studies were case-control 24,27,31,33 and eleven studies were cross-section 9,25,26,28–30,32,34–37 . The studies encompassed a total of 49,937,078 participants and 1,045,538 individuals with ASD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies encompassed a total of 49,937,078 participants and 1,045,538 individuals with ASD. Ten studies were carried out in the United States 24–27,29,30,34–37 , two in Brazil 9,31 , one in Turkey 32 , one in Spain 33 , and one in China 28 . The sample sizes ranged from 40 33 to 986,352 30 individuals with ASD and from 19 9 to 48,598,466 30 controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample sizes ranged from 40 33 to 986,352 30 individuals with ASD and from 19 9 to 48,598,466 30 controls. Additionally, the mean ages of the samples ranged from 2 years old 25,27,34 to 29.4 ± 12.1 years old 35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the method of ascertaining ASD, four studies used parental reports 26,29,30,36 , and the other studies based on their diagnoses on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) 31,32,34 , DSM-V 9,28,32 , Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) 24 , International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) 25 , International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) 27,35 , Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) 24,33,37 , Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) 24,34 , and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) 33 . For the method of ascertaining BMI, three studies included parentally reported data 26,30,36 , ten studies objectively measured the data 9,24,27–29,31–34,37 , and two studies extracted the information from the participants’ medical records 25,35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the method of ascertaining BMI, three studies included parentally reported data 26,30,36 , ten studies objectively measured the data 9,24,27–29,31–34,37 , and two studies extracted the information from the participants’ medical records 25,35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Association among obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain serious public health problems. Although lots of studies have recently explored the association among obesity, overweight and ASD, the findings are inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to examine the association among obesity, overweight and ASD. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were used for literature searches to identify eligible studies published in English before November 15, 2016. Relevant studies estimating the association among obesity, overweight and ASD were included. Fifteen studies encompassing 49,937,078 participants and 1,045,538 individuals with ASD were included in this study. A random effects model was chosen to synthesize the effect sizes of individual studies. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in individuals with ASD than in controls (OR = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–2.48, P < 0.001). However, the prevalence of overweight in individuals with ASD was not significantly different from that in controls (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.83–1.38, P = 0.62). Both sensitivity analysis and publication bias testing revealed that the findings were robust. The meta-analysis showed a significant association between obesity and ASD. However, no significant association was identified between overweight and ASD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Association among obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases

et al. 2023

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ImportanceAlthough the increased risk of obesity among individuals with autism has been well established, evidence on the association between autism, cardiometabolic disorders, and obesity remains inconclusive.ObjectiveTo examine the association between autism spectrum disorders and cardiometabolic diseases in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and Ovid databases were searched from inception through July 31, 2022, without restrictions on date of publication or language.Study SelectionObservational or baseline data of interventional studies reporting the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (ie, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerotic macrovascular disease) among children and/or adults with autism and matched with participants without autism were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisScreening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by at least 2 researchers. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analyses were performed using the meta package in R.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRelative risks (RRs) of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic macrovascular disease among individuals with autism were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included the RR of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.ResultsA total of 34 studies were evaluated and included 276 173 participants with autism and 7 733 306 participants without autism (mean [range] age, 31.2 [3.8-72.8] years; pooled proportion [range] of female individuals, 47% [0-66%]). Autism was associated with greater risks of developing diabetes overall (RR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.23-2.01; 20 studies), type 1 diabetes (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.06-2.54; 6 studies), and type 2 diabetes (RR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.30-4.70; 3 studies). Autism was also associated with increased risks of dyslipidemia (RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.20-2.40; 7 studies) and heart disease (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.42-1.50; 3 studies). Yet, there was no significantly associated increased risk of hypertension and stroke with autism (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.98-1.52; 12 studies; and RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.63-2.24; 4 studies, respectively). Meta-regression analyses revealed that children with autism were at a greater associated risk of developing diabetes and hypertension compared with adults. High between-study heterogeneity was a concern for several meta-analyses.Conclusions and RelevanceResults suggest that the associated increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases should prompt clinicians to vigilantly monitor individuals with autism for potential contributors, signs of cardiometabolic disease, and their complications.

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Meeting the 24‐hr movement guidelines: An update on US youth with autism spectrum disorder from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this study was to examine how adherence to the physical activity (PA), screen-time (ST), and sleep duration guidelines differ between youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and youth with typical development (TD). A secondary objective was to assess how PA, ST, and sleep duration varied among youth with ASD by age and ASD severity. Utilizing the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health data, parental reports of time spent by youth in PA, ST, and sleep were used to determine adherence to the 24-hr movement guidelines for 1008 youth with ASD and 34 489 youth with TD. Multivariate logistic regression analyses determined that children with ASD were less likely to meet the guidelines for PA, ST, and sleep duration, and adolescents with ASD were less likely to meet the guidelines for PA and ST than participants with TD. Furthermore, logistic regression analyses determined adolescents with severe ASD to be less likely to meet the sleep guideline compared to adolescents with mild ASD. Overall, youth with ASD were significantly less likely to adhere to all three guidelines. The findings highlight the breadth of health behaviors that require intervention to counteract the poorer health status among youth with ASD.

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Autism Spectrum Disorders and Metabolic Complications of Obesity

Cited by 72 publications

References 22 publications

Association among obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association among obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Cardiometabolic Diseases

Meeting the 24‐hr movement guidelines: An update on US youth with autism spectrum disorder from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health

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