“…Of course the significance of these studies is reduced in view of the lack of agreement as to what constitutes infantile autism. Chess (1971) has suggested that autism may result from viral infection, for example, German measles contracted by the mother. Other various causal factors reported in the literature include: retrolental fibroplasia (Keeler, 1958), tuberous sclerosis (Lotter, 1974), congenital syphilis , metabolic PKU (Knobloch & Pasamanick, 1975), lower cadmium concentration measured (in the hair) (Shearer, Larson, Neuschwander, & Gedney, 1982), minor physical anomalies (Links, Stockwell, Abichandani, & Simeon, 1980;Gualtieri, Adams, Shen & Loiselle, 1982), parents having a higher exposure to chemicals (Coleman, 1978), delayed brainstem transmission time (Skoff, Mirsky & Turner, 1980).…”