Autism, Autoimmune Disease and Socioeconomic Status

Becker, Kevin G.

doi:10.4172/2165-7890.1000104

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

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“…Autism and ASDs have shown to have numerous characteristics in common with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders at the genetic, molecular, cellular, histological, and epidemiological level [Atladottir et al., ; Becker, ; Comi, Zimmerman, Frye, Law, & Peeden, ; Croen, Grether, Yoshida, Odouli, & Van de Water, ; Enstrom, Van de Water, & Ashwood, ; Keil et al., ; Mouridsen, Rich, Isager, & Nedergaard, ; Sweeten, Bowyer, Posey, Halberstadt, & McDougle, ]. These include shared genetic associations [Becker, ], altered immune pathways at the RNA level [Lintas, Sacco, & Persico, ; Voineagu et al.,], imbalances in cytokine, chemokine, and antibody profiles [Ashwood et al., ; Grether, Croen, Anderson, Nelson, & Yolken, ], variations in T cells, macrophages, and mast cells [Grigorenko et al., ; Mostafa, Al Shehab, & Fouad, ; Theoharides et al., ], as well as activation of glial cells in the brain [Vargas, Nascimbene, Krishnan, Zimmerman, & Pardo, ].…”

Section: Autism and Autoimmune Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Male Gender Bias in Autism and Pediatric Autoimmunity

Becker

2012

Autism Research

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Lay Abstract Males have a higher incidence of autism than females by approximately 4 to 1. Similarly, males have a higher incidence of some pediatric autoimmune diseases as compared to females. The basis for these disparities is largely unknown. In recent years there is growing evidence that immune and autoimmune dysregulation may be involved in autism. It is suggested here that the hormonal and immune processes that may contribute to a male preponderance in some pediatric autoimmune disorders may play a role in the male preponderance in autism. Scientific Abstract Male bias in both autism and pediatric autoimmune disease is thought to involve hormonal perturbations in pregnancy or early childhood in the context of genetic control. These early molecular events, at a time of rapid development, are intimately linked to concurrent development in the brain and immune system. It is suggested here that these early regulatory events may overlap between autism and autoimmunity in determining male sex bias and may provide evidence of an etiological link between autism, immune dysregulation, and autoimmune disease.

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Section: Autism and Autoimmune Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Male Gender Bias in Autism and Pediatric Autoimmunity

Becker

2012

Autism Research

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Psychometric properties of the euroqol five dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D) in caregivers of autistic children

2013

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A subsection of the MSMQ was administered to MS patients currently not on DMT. They were asked questions about MS, using the health beliefs model as well as items regarding their perceptions of barriers to DMT initiation. All items were rated on a 1 to 5 scale, with 1 being "strongly disagree" and 5 being "strongly agree". Patients who answered "agree" or "strongly agree" were combined for chi-square analysis; t-tests were used to compare mean scores. RESULTS: Ninety two MS patients reported being non-DMT users. The mean age was 58.6 years and 78.3% were female. Only 3.3% of non-DMT users agreed or strongly agreed that their MS would improve without treatment. The highest agreed upon perceptions of barriers to DMT use dealt with possible side effects (58.2%) and potential high cost (51.9%). Splitting the non-DMT users into those who never initiated DMT and those who used to take DMT revealed significant differences in the impression that physicians lack advocating DMT use (44.7% vs. 17.1%, respectively, p<0.01) and dislike for using needles (24.3% vs. 46.3%, respectively, p=0.043). CONCLUSIONS: MS patients who are not currently on DMT may not seek or re-seek treatment for various reasons. It appears certain perceptions regarding MS and DMT influence behavior in potential DMT use.

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Autism and Socioeconomic Status—An Immune Link?

Becker

2018

Am J Public Health

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Autism, Autoimmune Disease and Socioeconomic Status

Abstract: Autism an open access journal al. (2011) Sociodemographic risk factors associated with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Autism Res 4: 438-448.

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

Male Gender Bias in Autism and Pediatric Autoimmunity

Male Gender Bias in Autism and Pediatric Autoimmunity

Psychometric properties of the euroqol five dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D) in caregivers of autistic children

Autism and Socioeconomic Status—An Immune Link?

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