Authors’ Reply: Vitamin D Sufficiency and COVID-19: Is Vitamin D Binding Protein (and Its Polymorphism) the Missing Link?

Charoenngam, Nipith; Shirvani, Arash; Reddy, Niyoti; Vodopivec, Danica M.; Apovian, Caroline M.; Holick, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.03.016

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…It has also been appeared to control immune-pathological inflammation-causing reactions to other respiratory tract diseases. The renin-angiotensin framework that intervened with these impacts in animal testing has specific importance regarding extreme infection with SARS-CoV-2, in which the renin-angiotensin system was found to be overactive, resulting in a dismal or unfavorable prognosis [ 20 ]. Research showed that people having Vitamin D deficiency had 80% more chances to get infected, similar to our research results that show the disease severity increasing with deficient Vitamin D [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Severity in Illness in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nimavat¹,

Singh²,

Patel³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic hit the world badly with high mortality. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection increased the COVID-19 burden among developed and developing countries due to the unavailability of proven treatment options. Vitamin D has many important anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, and anti-viral functions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between Vitamin D in COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Patna, India. All the patients were enrolled during the period of 3.5 months. A chemiluminescence-based immunoassay analyzer was used to quantify Vitamin D among COVID-19 patients. The study compared Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among different groups, i.e., age, sex, BMI, comorbidity, etc. Diabetes and hypertension were evaluated as risk factors for mortality.Results: A total of 225 patients were investigated. Of these, 13.6% had Vitamin D deficiency and 38.9% had insufficiency. Vitamin D level was statistically significant among different age groups, sex, and smokers. Patients aged >60 years were 23 times more likely to have a severe illness (adjusted OR (aOR) 23.53, 95%CI 4.67-118.61), whereas those aged 40 to 60 years were 11 times more likely to have a severe illness (aOR 10.86,. Patients with many comorbidities, on the other hand, had a tenfold greater chance of severe . A deficiency of vitamin D increased the chance of a serious illness by nearly five times (aOR 4.72, 95%CI 1.31-17.03).Conclusion: Vitamin D level was associated with severity of illness; it can be used to estimate the prognosis of COIVD-19 patients and aid in the modification of treatment protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Severity in Illness in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nimavat¹,

Singh²,

Patel³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Interaction of Vitamin D and Corticosteroid Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Potential Explanation for Inconsistent Findings in the Literature

Efird

Anderson

Jindal

et al. 2022

CPD

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Vitamin D is an important immune-modulator with anti-inflammatory properties. While this prohormone has been studied extensively in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, findings have been inconsistent regarding its overall benefit in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Most studies to date have been observational in nature, not accounting for the use of corticosteroids. Furthermore, the few randomized clinical trials designed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 outcomes have been relatively small and thus insufficiently powered to assure a balance of corticosteroid use between study arms. The current perspective addresses the interaction of vitamin D and corticosteroids as a potential explanation for the divergent results reported in the literature. Future research on vitamin D and COVID-19 will benefit by considering this interaction, especially among hospitalized patients requiring oxygen and mechanical ventilation.

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Authors’ Reply: Vitamin D Sufficiency and COVID-19: Is Vitamin D Binding Protein (and Its Polymorphism) the Missing Link?

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

The Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Severity in Illness in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Relationship Between Vitamin D Levels and Severity in Illness in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Interaction of Vitamin D and Corticosteroid Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Potential Explanation for Inconsistent Findings in the Literature

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