Authoritarianism and Misogyny

Centers, Richard

doi:10.1080/00224545.1963.9919467

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Sarup found that high authoritarians expressed particularly negative attitudes toward feminists. Similar to Centers's (1963) study, the authoritarianism-attitude relation persisted when a variety of factors, such as gender, age, education, and religion were taken into account.…”

Section: Authoritarianism and Attitudes Toward Womensupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The extent to which there are different subcategories of the group label women has been the source of considerable research. For example, Clifton, McGrath, and Wick (1976), in a study exploring stereotypes about women, found strong evidence for the existence of different subcategories of the term women. They found that two, and possibly three, different subcategories of the term women could be readily differentiated on the basis of the characteristics associated with them.…”

Section: Is There a Single Interpretation Of The Term Women?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subcategories used were housewives, cheerleader type, feminists, mothers, career women, and female athletes. These subtypes were selected on the basis of a review of the literature examining common subcategories of the group label women (e.g., Clifton et al, 1976;Noseworthy & Lott, 1984;Six & Eckes, 1991).…”

Section: Assessment Of Right-wing Authoritarianismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, they have been identified and repeatedly studied in past research (e.g., Berryman-Fink & Verderber, 1985;Clifton et al, 1976;Jacobsen, 1979). Second, in a pilot study, these labels were rated as significantly different in the extent to which they are perceived as conventional (similar to the results reported by Clifton et al, 1976;Six & Eckes, 1991). Finally, although we also considered the terms mother and career woman, the construal ratings of these types were highly correlated (r = .50), leading us to conclude that these types might be perceived in a similar manner.…”

Section: Construal As a Potential Moderator Of The Eagly Et Al (1991mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preferring “Housewives” To “Feminists”: Categorization and the Favorability of Attitudes Toward Women

Haddock

Zanna

1994

Psychology of Women Quarterly

117

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Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women." The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists." The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants' values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between themselves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.Psychologists have devoted considerable attention to the study of attitudes toward women. Often, this has been accomplished in the context of comparing individuals' perceptions of women and men (e.g. , Broverman, Vogel, Broverman, Clarkson, & Rosenkrantz, 1972;McKee & Sherriffs, 1957). Until recently, the majority of these studies have found that men are evaluated more favorably than women, leading Del Boca, Ashmore, and McManus (1986) to state that "researchers . . . have concluded that the social category, female, is not positively evaluated, at least not relative to [the social category] male" (p. 121). However, even more recent research by Eagly and her colleagues (Eagly & Mladinic, 1989;Eagly, Mladinic, & Otto, 1991) has challenged these conclusions. In a series of studies, they have discovered that "women are evaluated quite favorably-in fact, more favorably than men" (Eagly et al., 1991, p. 203).The original goal of the present research (and the focus of Study 1) was to assess the generality of the findings obtained by Eagly and her colleagues. Toward this goal, we examined the extent to which: (a) the individual difference variable of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) (Altemeyer, 1981(Altemeyer, , 1988, and (b) individuals' subjective construal of the term "women" (Griffin & ROSS, 1991) would serve to moderate the findings obtained by Eagly and her colleagues. The results of our first study led us to pursue a second question, that being whether different subcategories of the term women are differentially evaluated (and how evaluations of different subcategories are affected by authoritarianism). To assess such possible differences, we focused on the subcategories "housewives" (a term that connotes a "traditional" view of women) and "feminists" (a term that connotes a challenge to the traditional view of women). Consequently, in Studies 2-4, we sought to discover: (a) whether housewives and f...

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Section: Authoritarianism and Attitudes Toward Womensupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Is There a Single Interpretation Of The Term Women?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Right-wing Authoritarianismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construal As a Potential Moderator Of The Eagly Et Al (1991mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Preferring “Housewives” To “Feminists”: Categorization and the Favorability of Attitudes Toward Women

Haddock

Zanna

1994

Psychology of Women Quarterly

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The association between authoritarianism and attitudes toward feminism observed in this study is similar to the ones reported by Levinson and Huffman (1955) between authoritarianism and traditional family ideology, and by Centers (1963) between authoritarianism and misogynous attitudes. Besides being specifically related to antifeminism as distinct from traditional family ideology or misogyny, the present finding claims greater validity than the relationships reported by Levinson and Huffman, and by Centers, because of the initial independence of the scale measuring the dependent variable (attitudes toward women and their status) from the F scale in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Gender, Authoritarianism, and Attitudes Toward Feminism

Sarup¹

1976

soc behav pers

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In a 2 x 3 design, 69 men and 59 women who were high, medium, or low in authoritarianism responded to a Likert-type scale measuring attitudes toward feminism. For both gender groups, high-authoritarian respondents exhibited more antifeminist tendencies than did low-authoritarian respondents; and for each level of authoritarianism, males were less profeminist than females. When controlled for age, education, and religion, the relationship of gender and authoritarianism to attitudes toward feminism tended to persist substantially. In examining the psychosocial bases of racism and antifeminism, the paper interprets the relative contributions of gender and authoritarianism in terms of Hood and Sherif's model of interrelating sociocultural and personality factors in the dynamics of attitudes.

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Authoritarianism as an Agent of Status Quo Maintenance: Implications for Women's Careers and Family Lives

Duncan

Peterson

2003

Sex Roles

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Authoritarianism and Misogyny

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Preferring “Housewives” To “Feminists”: Categorization and the Favorability of Attitudes Toward Women

Preferring “Housewives” To “Feminists”: Categorization and the Favorability of Attitudes Toward Women

Gender, Authoritarianism, and Attitudes Toward Feminism

Authoritarianism as an Agent of Status Quo Maintenance: Implications for Women's Careers and Family Lives

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