Journal editor" has been a familiar and respected role for British academics since the late nineteenth century. Yet in 1752, the Royal Society had intentionally replaced the editor of the Philosophical Transactions with an editorial committee, and over the course of the nineteenth century, it had created an increasingly complex system in which the editorial work and responsibility were distributed among many individuals. In 1902, the suggestion that the Society ought to appoint an editor, specifically for its (newer) Proceedings, offers an opportunity to explore what the role of "editor" was believed to be: why might appointing an editor benefit the Society and its journals? The Royal Society did not in fact appoint editors for its journals until the late twentieth century, and by that time it had also acquired a (paid) "assistant editor" and a set of "associate editors". Examining the Royal Society's processes reminds us that editing a journal could be done without an "editor"; and that, with or without an "editor", the function can be shared by many other people. The different distribution of work and responsibility offers insight into the formation of the role of academic journal editor in the twentieth century.