Author Correction: Risk factors influencing contamination of customized cosmetics made on-the-spot: Evidence from the national pilot project for public health

Kim, Hye Won; Seok, Yae Sle; Cho, Tae Jin; Rhee, Min Suk

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63867-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The microbial stability of cosmetics during their shelf life ensures consumers are exposed to the minimum risk. Studies have shown that cosmetic products can be contaminated during processing and during their usage [22,23]. Consequently, the EU Cosmetic Regulation requires the performance of a microbial challenge test with standard protocols published in the ISO 11930:2019 [24].…”

Section: Microbial Contaminants Relevant For Natural Cosmetic Ingredi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Manful,

Ahmed,

Barry-Ryan

2024

Cosmetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Consumer preferences, safety, and sustainability aspects of conventional cosmetic ingredients have contributed to an increase in the demand for natural cosmetic ingredients and products. Naturally derived active cosmetic agents and excipients may come into contact with various naturally occurring and synthetic contaminants throughout the supply chain, and substantiating their safety is essential. This review examines the safety and legislative requirements applicable to natural cosmetic ingredients in the European Union (EU). Cosmetic safety requirements include technical data based on the ingredient profile, presence of hazards and the risks associated with the intended conditions of use. The hazard analysis includes screening for microbial contaminants such as aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans; chemical contaminants such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury; and naturally occurring toxins, such as allergens. The toxicological assessment considers both local effects (such as skin sensitisation, eye/skin irritation, and photo-induced effects) and systemic effects (including acute dermal toxicity, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, and toxicokinetics). The EU legislative requirements prohibit the use of animal-based tests for the toxicological evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, paving the way for alternatives termed as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). The validation of NAMs is critical for their wider usage, and despite advancements, few have been validated, particularly for systemic toxicity testing. The use of NAMs in evaluating the safety of complex natural cosmetic ingredients is further examined.

show abstract

Section: Microbial Contaminants Relevant For Natural Cosmetic Ingredi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Manful,

Ahmed,

Barry-Ryan

2024

Cosmetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…B. cereus s.l. contamination of cosmetics used near the eyes [2,3] can result in eye infections, particularly among people who have existing trauma or damage in this area [4,5]. Some of those infections can be serious enough to cause vision loss [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto 3A ES isolated from eye shadow cosmetic products

Yossa¹,

Bell²,

Tallent³

et al. 2022

BMC Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The Bacillus cereus group, also known as B. cereus sensu lato (s.l.) contains ubiquitous spore-forming bacteria found in the environment including strains from the B. cereus sensu stricto (s.s.) species. They occur naturally in a wide range of raw materials and in consumer products. Characterizing isolates that have survived in consumer products allows us to better understand the mechanisms that permit spores to persist and potentially cause illness. Here we characterize the draft genome sequence of B. cereus s. s. 3A-ES, originally isolated from eye shadow and since investigated in several cosmetic studies and compared it to other top ten published complete genome sequences of B. cereus s.l. members. Results The draft genome sequence of B. cereus s.s. 3A ES consisted of an average of 90 contigs comprising approximately 5,335,727 bp and a GC content of 34,988%, and with 5509 predicted coding sequences. Based on the annotation statistics and comparison to other genomes within the same species archived in the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC), this genome “was of good quality. Annotation of B. cereus s.s. 3A ES revealed a variety of subsystem features, virulence factors and antibiotic resistant genes. The phylogenetic analysis of ten B. cereus group members showed B. cereus s.s. 3A-ES to be a closely related homolog of B. cereus s.s. ATCC 14,579, an established reference strain that is not adapted for cosmetic microbiological studies. Survival of 3A-ES in eye shadow could be linked to predicted stress-response genes and strengthened by additional stress-response genes such as VanB-type, VanRB, CAT15/16, BcrA, BcrB, Lsa(B), and recA that are lacking in B. cereus s.s. ATCC 14,579. Conclusion Our genomic analysis of B. cereus s.s. 3A-ES revealed genes, which may allow this bacterium to withstand the action of preservatives and inhibitors in cosmetics, as well as virulence factors that could contribute to its pathogenicity. Having a well-characterized strain obtained from eye-shadow may be useful for establishing a reference strain for cosmetics testing.

show abstract

Microbiological Hygiene Quality of Thermal Muds: A Pilot Study in Pelotherapy Facilities of the Euganean Thermal District (NE Italy)

Baldovin

Amoruso

Caldara

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of hygienic aspects of thermal mud microbiology is still neglected. This study evaluates the microbiological hygiene quality of thermal muds, providing a comprehensive assessment of the whole mud cultivation chain. Maturing mud, peloid and used mud samples were collected twice in a year from 30 SPAs of the Euganean Thermal District, NE Italy. Samples were processed with an ad hoc laboratory method. The following indicator parameters were assessed: Total Count at 22, 37 and 55 °C; total coliforms; Escherichia coli; enterococci; Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; sulfite-reducing clostridia; dermatophytes. Statistical significance of differences between the two sampling campaigns and correlation between temperature and indicator parameters were evaluated. One-hundred eighty samples were analyzed. Widespread presence of environmental species was found, as well as hints of possible microorganism transfer from the patient’s skin to the mud. Proper setting of thermal water temperature resulted critical, in terms of hygienic quality. Although optimal maturation should be granted (thermal water at 30–42 °C), a pasteurization step at 60–65 °C is strongly recommended to sanitize peloids before pelotherapy. Facilities re-using thermal muds should also implement a regeneration step at ≥65 °C. Core evaluation of thermal mud hygienic quality could encompass the following guidelines: absence (i.e., 0 colony forming units (CFU)/g) of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and dermatophytes.

show abstract

Author Correction: Risk factors influencing contamination of customized cosmetics made on-the-spot: Evidence from the national pilot project for public health

Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Genomic characterization of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto 3A ES isolated from eye shadow cosmetic products

Microbiological Hygiene Quality of Thermal Muds: A Pilot Study in Pelotherapy Facilities of the Euganean Thermal District (NE Italy)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About