Authentication of images using Zernike moment watermarking

Shojanazeri, Hamid; Adnan, Wan Azizun Wan; Ahmad, Sharifah Mumtadzah Syed; Rahimipour, Somayeh

doi:10.1007/s11042-015-3018-2

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Pseudo-Zernike moments (PZM) are due to Pseudo-Zernike polynomials and these are complex-valued polynomials which are orthogonal sets defined within the unit circle's interior x 2 + y 2 > =1 [33,49]. The polynomials set is represented by P nm (x,y)} and it is given as, where, ρ sqrt(x 2 + y 2 ), θ = tan−1(y/x).…”

Section: Pseudo-zernike Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A robust semi-fragile watermarking system using Pseudo-Zernike moments and dual tree complex wavelet transform for social media content authentication

Agilandeeswari

Manoharan

Alenizi

2023

Multimed Tools Appl

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With the growing use of mobile devices and Online Social Networks (OSNs), sharing digital content, especially digital images is extremely high as well as popular. This made us convenient to handle the ongoing COVID-19 crisis which has brought about years of change in the sharing of digital content online. On the other hand, the digital image processing tools which are powerful enough to make the perfect image duplication compromises the privacy of the transmitted digital content. Therefore, content authentication, proof of ownership, and integrity of digital images are considered crucial problems in the world of digital that can be accomplished by employing a digital watermarking technique. On contrary, watermarking issues are to triumph trade-offs among imperceptibility, robustness, and payload. However, most existing systems are unable to handle the problem of tamper detection and recovery in case of intentional and unintentional attacks concerning these trade-offs. Also, the existing system fails to withstand the geometrical attacks. To resolve the above shortcomings, this proposed work offers a new multi-biometric based semi-fragile watermarking system using Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT) and pseudo-Zernike moments (PZM) for content authentication of social media data. In this research work, the DTCWT-based coefficients are used for achieving maximum embedding capacity. The Rotation and noise invariance properties of Pseudo Zernike moments make the system attain the highest level of robustness when compared to conventional watermarking systems. To achieve authentication and proof of identity, the watermarks of about four numbers are used for embedding as a replacement for a single watermark image in traditional systems. Among four watermarks, three are the biometric images namely Logo or unique image of the user, fingerprint biometric of the owner, and the metadata of the original media to be transmitted. In addition, to achieve the tamper localization property, the Pseudo Zernike moments of the original cover image are obtained as a feature vector and also embedded as a watermark. To attain a better level of security, each watermark is converted into Zernike moments, Arnold scrambled image, and SHA outputs respectively. Then, to sustain the trade-off among the watermarking parameters, the optimal embedding location is determined. Moreover, the watermarked image is also signed by the owner's other biometric namely digital signature, and converted into Public key matrix P km and embedded onto the higher frequency subband namely, HL of the Extended author information available on the last page of the article 1-level DWT. The proposed system also accomplishes a multi-level authentication, among that the first level is attained by the decryption of the extracted multiple watermark images with the help of the appropriate decryption mechanism which is followed by the comparison of the authentication key which is extracted using the key which is regenerated at the receiver's end. The simulation outcomes...

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Section: Pseudo-zernike Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most semi-fragile watermarking systems use Zernike moments-based feature vectors for tamper localization and recovery [40]. Some use edge features and Zernike features for the same [49]. Using semi-fragile watermarking and error-locating codes in the DWT domain, we offer an approach for localizing image tampering in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust semi-fragile watermarking system using Pseudo-Zernike moments and dual tree complex wavelet transform for social media content authentication

Agilandeeswari

Manoharan

Alenizi

2023

Multimed Tools Appl

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“…From the study conducted on the existing watermarking based authentication schemes [7,10,15,16,18,21,24,33,35,38], it is observed that the host image is modified to embed the watermark which degrades its visual quality. Also, to retrieve the watermark from the marked image, watermark extraction algorithm is followed, that increases the computation cost of the scheme.…”

Section: Motivation For the Proposed Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the existing authentication schemes [24,15,7,21,10,18,16] based on watermarking, the watermark is not embedded inside the host image, but it is used to construct shares. This makes it very difficult to detect or recover the watermark from marked image, thereby making the scheme more secure.…”

Section: Construction Of Sharesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Automata Based Image Authentication Scheme Using Extended Visual Cryptography

Kukreja

Kasana

2019

cai

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Most of the Visual Cryptography based image authentication schemes hide the share and authentication data into cover images by using an additional data hiding process. This process increases the computational cost of the schemes. Pixel expansion, meaningless shares and use of codebook are other challenges in these schemes. To overcome these issues, an authentication scheme is proposed in which no embedding into the cover images is performed and meaningful authentication shares are created using the watermark and cover images. This makes the scheme completely imperceptible. The watermark can be retrieved just by superimposing these authentication shares, thus reducing the computational complexity at receiver's side. Cellular Automata is used to construct the master share that provides self-construction ability to the shares. The meaningful authentication shares help in enhancing the security of the scheme while size invariance saves transmission and storage cost. The scheme possesses the ability of tamper detection and its localization. Experimental results demonstrate the improved security and quality of the generated shares of the proposed scheme as compared to existing schemes.

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“…The authors of the work [95] propose a scheme of image authentication using a semi-fragile watermarking system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Digital Steganography and Watermarking for Digital Images: A Review of Current Research Directions

2020

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The development of information technology has led to a significant increase in the share of multimedia traffic in data networks. This has necessitated to solve the following information security tasks in relation to multimedia data: protection against leakage of confidential information, as well as identifying the source of the leak; ensuring the impossibility of unauthorized changes; copyright protection for digital objects. To solve such kind of problems, methods of steganography and watermarking are designed that implement embedding in digital objects hidden information sequences for various purposes. In this paper, an overview of promising research in the specified area is provided. First of all, we provide basic information about this field of research and consider the main applications of its methods. Next, we review works demonstrating current trends in the development of methods and algorithms for data hiding in digital images. This review is not exhaustive; it focuses on contemporary works illustrating current research directions in the field of information embedding in digital images. This is the main feature of review, which distinguishes it from previously published reviews. The paper concludes with an analysis of identified problems in the field of digital steganography and digital watermarking.

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Authentication of images using Zernike moment watermarking

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

A robust semi-fragile watermarking system using Pseudo-Zernike moments and dual tree complex wavelet transform for social media content authentication

A robust semi-fragile watermarking system using Pseudo-Zernike moments and dual tree complex wavelet transform for social media content authentication

Cellular Automata Based Image Authentication Scheme Using Extended Visual Cryptography

Digital Steganography and Watermarking for Digital Images: A Review of Current Research Directions

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