Austro-Asiatic Tribes of Northeast India Provide Hitherto Missing Genetic Link between South and Southeast Asia

Reddy, B. Mohan; Langstieh, Banrida T.; Kumar, Vikrant; Nagaraja, T.; Reddy, A.N.S.; Aruna, Meka; Reddy, Alla G.; Thangaraj, Kumarasamy; Singh, Lalji

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001141

Cited by 69 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…1,18 Mutations are recorded by comparing with the revised Cambridge reference sequence (rCRS). 19 All the individuals were allocated into specific haplogroup based on their control-region information; the assignments were further confirmed by typing additional diagnostic coding-region mutations according to the reconstructed phylogenetic trees of East Asian, 1,20-25 South Asian 5,7,12,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and Southeast Asian [34][35][36][37][38] (Supplementary Table S1, Supplementary Material online). For the mtDNA sample of interest, entire genome was amplified and sequenced as described elsewhere.…”

Section: Dna Amplification Sequencing and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the role of the Himalayas in peopling Nepal: insights from mitochondrial genomes

Wang

Sun

et al. 2012

J Hum Genet

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Himalayas was believed to be a formidably geographical barrier between South and East Asia. The observed high frequency of the East Eurasian paternal lineages in Nepal led some researchers to suggest that these lineages were introduced into Nepal from Tibet directly; however, it is also possible that the East Eurasian genetic components might trace their origins to northeast India where abundant East Eurasian maternal lineages have been detected. To trace the origin of the Nepalese maternal genetic components, especially those of East Eurasian ancestry, and then to better understand the role of the Himalayas in peopling Nepal, we have studied the matenal genetic composition extensively, especially the East Eurasian lineages, in Nepalese and its surrounding populations. Our results revealed the closer affinity between the Nepalese and the Tibetans, specifically, the Nepalese lineages of the East Eurasian ancestry generally are phylogenetically closer with the ones from Tibet, albeit a few mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, likely resulted from recent gene flow, were shared between the Nepalese and northeast Indians. It seems that Tibet was most likely to be the homeland for most of the East Eurasian in the Nepalese. Taking into account the previous observation on Y chromosome, now it is convincing that bearer of the East Eurasian genetic components had entered Nepal across the Himalayas around 6 kilo years ago (kya), a scenario in good agreement with the previous results from linguistics and archeology.

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Section: Dna Amplification Sequencing and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the role of the Himalayas in peopling Nepal: insights from mitochondrial genomes

Wang

Sun

et al. 2012

J Hum Genet

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“…13,19,38 Although AA-speaking populations are considered as the oldest groups in India, there are many competing theories on their origin and subsequent settlement. The AAs have three sub-families such as Mundari, Mon-Khmer and Khasi-Khmuic in India and they display region-specific distribution.…”

Section: Sub-himalayan Gene Pools: Reservoirs Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is reflected by genetic studies that suggested Northeast India as an important corridor for human dispersals, whereas Nepal Himalaya as a barrier for bidirectional gene flow. 16,19 Apart from these Himalayan regions, there are some interesting outermost sub-Himalayan zones in the plains of East India, which are known as Terai and Duars (also Dooars). Unlike the Himalaya, these areas have characteristically unique and diverse ethnic populations belonging to four different linguistic groups such as TB, Austro-Asiatic (AA), Indo-European (IE) and Dravidian (DR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

et al. 2011

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The sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars, the important outermost zones comprising the plains of East India, are known as the reservoirs of ethnic diversity. Analysis of the paternal genetic diversity of the populations inhabiting these regions and their genetic relationships with adjacent Himalayan and other Asian populations has not been addressed empirically. In the present investigation, we undertook a Y-chromosome phylogeographic study on 10 populations (n¼375) representing four different linguistic groups from the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars regions of East India. The high-resolution analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup variations based on 76 binary markers revealed that the sub-Himalayan paternal gene pool is extremely heterogeneous. Three major haplogroups, namely H, O and R, are shared across the four linguistic groups. The Indo-European-speaking castes exhibit more haplogroup diversity than the tribal groups. The findings of the present investigation suggest that the sub-Himalayan gene pools have received predominant Southeast Asian contribution. In addition, the presence of Northeast and South Asian signatures illustrate multiple events of population migrations as well as extensive genetic admixture amongst the linguistic groups.

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“…An increased number of complete mtDNA sequences refined the phylogeography and phylogeny of M31 and identified a sister clade (M31a2) to Andaman-specific M31a1 in East India (Barik et al 2008). A third branch (M31c) was subsequently identified among populations of Northeast India (Wang et al 2011;Reddy et al 2007;Fornarino et al 2009). The discovery of M31a2 in East India was particularly important because the separation time between this clade and its sister, M31a1, at ~25 ka (Barik et al 2008) is half that previously suggested for the age of M31 overall (Thangaraj et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 91%

The Andaman Islanders in a Regional Genetic Context: Reexamining the Evidence for an Early Peopling of the Archipelago from South Asia

Chaubey¹,

Endicott²

2013

Human Biology

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The indigenous inhabitants of the Andaman Islands were considered by many early anthropologists to be pristine examples of a "negrito" substrate of humanity that existed throughout Southeast Asia. Despite over 150 years of research and study, questions over the extent of shared ancestry between Andaman Islanders and other small-bodied, gracile, dark-skinned populations throughout the region are still unresolved. This shared phenotype could be a product of shared history, evolutionary convergence, or a mixture of both. Recent population genetic studies have tended to emphasize long-term physical isolation of the Andaman Islanders and an affinity to ancestral populations of South Asia. We reexamine the genetic evidence from genome-wide autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for a shared history between the tribes of Little Andaman (Onge) and Great Andaman, and between these two groups and the rest of South and Southeast Asia (both negrito and non-negrito groups). Keywords

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Austro-Asiatic Tribes of Northeast India Provide Hitherto Missing Genetic Link between South and Southeast Asia

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

Revisiting the role of the Himalayas in peopling Nepal: insights from mitochondrial genomes

Revisiting the role of the Himalayas in peopling Nepal: insights from mitochondrial genomes

Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in the sub-Himalayan Terai and Duars populations of East India

The Andaman Islanders in a Regional Genetic Context: Reexamining the Evidence for an Early Peopling of the Archipelago from South Asia

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