Australoheros capixaba, a new species of Australoheros from south-eastern Brazil (Labroidei: Cichlidae: Cichlasomatinae)

Abstract

Australoheros capixaba, new species, is distributed along the rio Itaúnas, rio Barra Seca, rio São Mateus and the lower rio Doce basins. The new species is distinguished from its congeners in the rio Paraná-Uruguay system and Laguna dos Patos system by having 12 caudal vertebrae (vs. 13 – 15). Australoheros capixaba differs from the other species of Australoheros from south-eastern Brazil by its coloration in life (a reddish chest, large spots on the dorsal region of the trunk and a green iridescence on the pelvic fins). It also differs from some of its congeners by having a longer caudal peduncle, a longer anal-fin spine, fewer dorsal-fin spines and fewer anal-fin rays. Australoheros capixaba sp. n. is the fi rst species from the genus described for the Estado do Espírito Santo, south-eastern Brazil. The phylogenetic placement of the species in the genus cannot be discussed, because there is no phylogenetic work about the Australoheros species from south-eastern Brazil.

Australoheros sanguineus sp. n. - a new cichlid species from the rio Cubatão basin, southern Brazil (Cichlidae: Heroini)

“…Despite Říčan et al (2011) affirmed that the species of Australoheros from the Atlantic coastal basins possess 13+13 vertebrae, not 14+12 as recorded by ottoni et al ), ottoni & CoSta (2008), ottoni & Cheffe (2009), ottoni (2010 and ottoni (2012), by fig. 5 we again are able to confirm that vertebrae counts (14+12) proposed by the latter authors.…”

“…1;ottoni & CoSta, 2008;figs. 1, 8, 9 and 13;and ottoni, 2010;fig. 1); and do not possess conspicuous metallic blotches on anal-fin base (fig.…”

“…Australoheros is easily recognizable by the presence of an interruption in the bars 6 -7, just above the longitudinal stripe (ottoni & CoSta, 2008;ottoni & Cheffe, 2009;ottoni, 2010, andKullander, 2006). The new species from the rio Cubatão basin fits perfectly with this colour pattern characteristic of the genus.…”

“…Comparative material is listed in ottoni et al ), ottoni & CoSta (2008), ottoni & Cheffe (2009), ottoni (2010), ottoni et al (2011), ottoni (2012) and SChindler et al (2010.…”

“…Australoheros Říčan & Kullander, 2006 is a South American cichlid genus erected to include three species previously located in the genus Cichlasoma Swain Son, 1839: "Cichlasoma" facetum (JenynS, 1842), "Cich la soma" tembe CaSCiotta, Gómez & toreSani, 1995and "Cichlasoma" scitulum Říčan & Kullander, 2003(CaSCiotta et al, 2006ottoni 2010;ottoni, 2012;ottoni & CoSta 2008;Říčan & Kullander 2006;Říčan & Kullander 2008). Since the erection of Australoheros several new species have been described.…”