Aurones and Flavonols from Coreopsis lanceolata L. Flowers and Their Anti-Oxidant, Pro-Inflammatory Inhibition Effects, and Recovery Effects on Alloxan-Induced Pancreatic Islets in Zebrafish

Abstract

(1) Background: Many flavonoids have been reported to exhibit pharmacological activity; a preparatory study confirmed that Coreopsis lanceolata flowers (CLFs) contained high flavonoid structure content; (2) Methods: CLFs were extracted in aqueous methanol (MeOH:H2O = 4:1) and fractionated into acetic ester (EtOAc), normal butanol (n-BuOH), and H2O fractions. Repeated column chromatographies for two fractions led to the isolation of two aurones and two flavonols; (3) Results: Four flavonoids were identified based on a variety of spectroscopic data analyses to be leptosidin (1), leptosin (2), isoquercetin (3), and astragalin (4), respectively. This is the first report for isolation of 2–4 from CLFs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis determined the content levels of compounds 1–4 in the MeOH extract to be 2.8 ± 0.3 mg/g (1), 17.9 ± 0.9 mg/g (2), 3.0 ± 0.2 mg/g (3), and 10.9 ± 0.9 mg/g (4), respectively. All isolated compounds showed radical scavenging activities and recovery activities in Caco-2, RAW264.7, PC-12, and HepG2 cells against reactive oxygen species. MeOH extract, EtOAc fraction, and 1–3 suppressed NO formation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and decreased iNOS and COX-2 expression. Furthermore, all compounds recovered the pancreatic islets damaged by alloxan treatment in zebrafish; (4) Conclusions: The outcome proposes 1–4 to serve as components of CLFs in standardizing anti-oxidant, pro-inflammatory inhibition, and potential anti-diabetic agents.

Phenylalkyl Glycosides from the Flowers of Brugmansia arborea L. and Their Radical Scavenging Effect and Protective Effect on Pancreatic Islets Damaged by Alloxan in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae

“…Extracts, solvent fractions (EtOAc, n -BuOH), and isolated phenylalkyl glucosides 1 – 6 from B. arborea flowers were evaluated for protective activity against the pancreatic islets of zebrafish larvae damaged by alloxan. The larvae treated with alloxan were used to model type 1 diabetes due to their physiological similarities to mammals [ 21 , 22 ]. Alloxan is a diabetogenic chemical that has been reported to decrease β -cell mass in pancreatic islets [ 23 ].…”

Research Progress on Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Related Mechanisms of Astragalin

“…It was reported that AST exerted anti-inflammatory effects by antagonizing the increase of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), PGE2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-13, IL-18, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferonγ (IFN-γ)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells [31][32][33][34]. In LPS-induced mouse macrophage J774A.1 cells, AST significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), as well as the gene expression of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).…”

Tổng Quan Về Dẫn Chất Auron Và Hoạt Tính Sinh Học

“…Nghiên cứu sự thay đổi kích thước của tiểu đảo tụy sau khi được xử lý với alloxan, hợp chất auron 35, 36 và chứng dương glimepirid (một loại thuốc chống đái tháo đường tuýp II) thu được kết quả như sau: alloxan làm giảm kích thước tiểu đảo tụy tương đối mạnh (47,8%) nhưng khi tiểu đảo tụy bị tổn thương được xử lý với auron 35, 36 thì sẽ khôi phục kích thước của tiểu đảo tụy với phần trăm lần lượt khoảng 98,7% và 89,8%. Trong đó, auron 35 gây ra sự khôi phục tương đương so với chứng dương glimepirid [50]. Hình 15.…”