Augmenting the Robustness and Efficiency of Violence Detection Systems for Surveillance and Non-Surveillance Scenarios

Abstract

Violence detection holds immense significance in ensuring public safety, security, and law enforcement in various domains. With the increasing availability of video data from surveillance cameras and social media platforms, the need for accurate and efficient violence detection algorithms has become paramount. Automated violence detection systems can aid law enforcement agencies in identifying and responding to violent incidents promptly, thereby preventing potential threats and ensuring public protection. This research focuses on violence detection in large video databases, proposing two keyframebased models named DeepkeyFrm and AreaDiffKey. The keyframes selection process is critical in violence detection systems, as it reduces computational complexity and enhances accuracy. EvoKeyNet and KFCRNet are the proposed classification models that leverage feature extraction from optimal keyframes. EvoKeyNet utilizes an evolutionary algorithm to select optimal feature attributes, while KFCRNet employs an ensemble of LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and GRU models with a voting scheme. Our key contributions include the development of efficient keyframes selection methods and classification models, addressing the challenge of violence detection in dynamic surveillance scenarios. The proposed models outperform existing methods in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, with accuracy results as follows: 98.98% (Hockey Fight), 99.29% (Violent Flow), 99% (RLVS), 91% (UCF-Crime), and 91% (ShanghaiTech). The ANOVA and Tukey tests were performed to validate the statistical significance of the differences among all models. The proposed approaches, supported by the statistical tests, pave the way for more effective violence detection systems, holding immense promise for a safer and secure future. As violence detection technology continues to evolve, our research stands as a crucial stepping stone towards achieving improved public safety and security in the face of dynamic challenges