Augmenting Semantics of Web Services Based on Public Open Ontology

Classification Based Parameter Association for Non-Redundant Annotation

“…Pay attention to the fact that a concept is regarded as appropriate for a parameter in two cases, one of which is that the concept describes the precise meaning of the parameter, the another is that the concept represents the general meaning of the parameter. Compared with our previous work [11], the accuracy decreases by 6 percent. The deeper reason is that we adopt the different version of OpenCyc, and the different measure of match degree.…”

“…First of the all process is to get the inputs and outputs of the Web Services and semantic Web Services. Then the general idea is to match inputs and outputs of the query with inputs and outputs of the service operation respectively (Lines [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The match is performed on the assumption that inputs and outputs are already associated with ontology concepts.…”

“…Hu [11] proposes an approach for augmenting the semantics of Web Services based on public open ontology. The utilization of public open ontology addresses the issue that domain ontologies used in previous works are mostly created manually and are not comprehensive enough to contain all the concepts in the domain.…”

“…Though there are different approaches utilized in [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], major drawbacks of these solutions are redundant annotations and imprecise derived annotations. For works in [3][4][5][7][8][9][10][11], once a new Web Service comes, the annotation process is performed on the new service, even though the semantics of the new service can refer to the one of other annotated services. And lacking of strategies that efficiently access large number of ontology concepts result in that a new service is compared against all the ontology concepts.…”

“…Most approaches on the automatic semantic annotation of Web Services can be classified into three main categories, annotation using schema matching techniques [3,[7][8][10][11], annotation using machine learning algorithms [4][5]9], and annotation using data-driven workflows [6]. For the first two categories, the process is performed whenever parameters of a new Web Service come, even when parameters of new service have same semantics with parameters of services that are already annotated, thus resulting in redundant annotations, which may be a large number of calculations.…”