Augmented sympathetic nerve activity in response to stressors in young borderline hypertensive men

Matsukawa, Tetsuya; Gotoh, Eiji; Uneda, Susumu; Miyajima, Eiji; Shionoiri, Hiroshi; Tochikubo, Osamu; Ishii, Masao

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1991.tb09064.x

Cited by 90 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The spikes were identified as corresponding to the MSNA according to the criteria defined in previous studies (4,17) by the following criteria: (a) tapping or stretching the muscle and tendon supplied by the impaled fascicle of the tibial nerve elicited afferent mechanoreceptor discharge, whereas stroking the skin innervated by the tibial nerve did not; and (b) spikes revealed a characteristic pulse-synchronous "spontaneous" discharge during phases II and III of Valsalva's maneuver.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, the filtered neurogram was passed through an integrator (model no. 1333; NEC-San-ei, Tokyo) with a time constant of0.1 s to obtain the mean voltage neurogram of MSNA (4,5,16,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For quantitative analysis, the mean voltage neurogram of MSNA was displayed together with the electrocardiogram on a multidot thermal recorder (8M 14; San-ei, Tokyo). Records were divided into periods of 1 min each, and the number of sympathetic bursts was determined from the mean voltage neurogram and expressed as burst frequency (bursts/min) (4,17). Because the burst frequency was considered to be the best index of MSNA for interindividual comparative studies, this parameter was used to compare basal levels of MSNA between groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heart rate and respiration were continuously monitored. The MSNA was recorded continuously using the microneurographic method (4,5,16,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activation of sympathetic nerve activity was reported recently, to accelerate hypertension and thereby induce malignant hypertension both in human (1,2) and animal (3). The elevation of sympathetic nerve activity is suggested to play a role in the development of essential hypertension by studies in which muscle sympathetic nerve activity Receivedfor publication 29 July 1992 and in revisedform 8 February 1993. (MSNA)' was measured directly by microneurography (4,5 (4,5) and in response to stressors (4) are greater in young borderline hypertensives than in normotensives. Also in benign essential hypertensives, MSNA at rest has been shown to be mildly elevated as compared with normotensives in our previous study (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated sympathetic nerve activity in patients with accelerated essential hypertension.

Matsukawa¹,

Mano²,

Gotoh³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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To determine if an abnormality exists in the sympathetic nervous system of patients with accelerated hypertension, we recorded muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) from the tibial nerve by microneurography in eight benign essential hypertensives and seven accelerated essential hypertensives. Basal MSNA, plasma renin activity, and plasma angiotensin II levels were significantly higher in accelerated hypertensives than in benign hypertensives (P < 0.05). To clarify the relationship between the renin-angiotensin axis and sympathetic nervous system in the accelerated hypertensives, we measured the MSNA after 7 d of oral administration of captopril (75 mg/d) for antihypertensive treatment in the benign hypertensives and accelerated hypertensives. After administering captopril, the arterial pressure decreased significantly in the benign hypertensives and accelerated hypertensives with decreases in plasma angiotensin II levels, and the decreases in arterial pressure were greater in the accelerated hypertensives than in the benign hypertensives. After captopril administration, the MSNA decreased significantly in the accelerated hypertensives but did not change in the benign hypertensives. Thus, in accelerated hypertensives, sympathetic tone is elevated, and the elevated sympathetic tone is closely related to the activated renin-angiotensin axis tone. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993. 92:25-28.)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, the filtered neurogram was passed through an integrator (model no. 1333; NEC-San-ei, Tokyo) with a time constant of0.1 s to obtain the mean voltage neurogram of MSNA (4,5,16,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heart rate and respiration were continuously monitored. The MSNA was recorded continuously using the microneurographic method (4,5,16,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated sympathetic nerve activity in patients with accelerated essential hypertension.

Matsukawa¹,

Mano²,

Gotoh³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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Paraventricular nucleus of the human hypothalamus in primary hypertension: Activation of corticotropin‐releasing hormone neurons

Goncharuk

Heerikhuize

Swaab

et al. 2002

J of Comparative Neurology

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By using quantitative immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques, we studied corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) -producing neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in patients who suffered from primary hypertension and died due to acute cardiac failure. The control group consisted of individuals who had normal blood pressure and died of acute heart failure due to mechanical trauma. Both magno- and parvocellular populations of CRH neurons appeared to be more numerous in the PVN of hypertensive patients. Quantitative analysis showed approximately a twofold increase in the total number of CRH neurons and a more than fivefold increase in the amount of CRH mRNA in the hypertensive PVN compared with the control. It is suggested that synthesis of CRH in hypertensive PVN is enhanced. Increased activity of CRH-producing neurons in the PVN of hypertensive patients is proposed not only to entail hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, but also of the sympathetic nervous system and, thus, to be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

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Sympathetic Neural Activity to the Cardiovascular System: Integrator of Systemic Physiology and Interindividual Characteristics

Charkoudian

Wallin

2014

Comprehensive Physiology

116

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The sympathetic nervous system is a ubiquitous, integrating controller of myriad physiological functions. In the present article, we review the physiology of sympathetic neural control of cardiovascular function with a focus on integrative mechanisms in humans. Direct measurement of sympathetic neural activity (SNA) in humans can be accomplished using microneurography, most commonly performed in the peroneal (fibular) nerve. In humans, muscle SNA (MSNA) is composed of vasoconstrictor fibers; its best-recognized characteristic is its participation in transient, moment-to-moment control of arterial blood pressure via the arterial baroreflex. This property of MSNA contributes to its typical "bursting" pattern which is strongly linked to the cardiac cycle. Recent evidence suggests that sympathetic neural mechanisms and the baroreflex have important roles in the long term control of blood pressure as well. One of the striking characteristics of MSNA is its large interindividual variability. However, in young, normotensive humans, higher MSNA is not linked to higher blood pressure due to balancing influences of other cardiovascular variables. In men, an inverse relationship between MSNA and cardiac output is a major factor in this balance, whereas in women, beta-adrenergic vasodilation offsets the vasoconstrictor/pressor effects of higher MSNA. As people get older (and in people with hypertension) higher MSNA is more likely to be linked to higher blood pressure. Skin SNA (SSNA) can also be measured in humans, although interpretation of SSNA signals is complicated by multiple types of neurons involved (vasoconstrictor, vasodilator, sudomotor and pilomotor). In addition to blood pressure regulation, the sympathetic nervous system contributes to cardiovascular regulation during numerous other reflexes, including those involved in exercise, thermoregulation, chemoreflex regulation, and responses to mental stress.

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Augmented sympathetic nerve activity in response to stressors in young borderline hypertensive men

Cited by 90 publications

References 16 publications

Elevated sympathetic nerve activity in patients with accelerated essential hypertension.

Elevated sympathetic nerve activity in patients with accelerated essential hypertension.

Paraventricular nucleus of the human hypothalamus in primary hypertension: Activation of corticotropin‐releasing hormone neurons

Sympathetic Neural Activity to the Cardiovascular System: Integrator of Systemic Physiology and Interindividual Characteristics

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