Augmented Reality in the Surgery of Cerebral Aneurysms

Abstract

Augmented reality may add to the performance of a minimally invasive approach, although further studies need to be performed to evaluate whether certain groups of aneurysms are more likely to benefit from it. Further technological development is required to improve its user friendliness.

Augmented reality in neurosurgery: a systematic review

“…These systems allow overlaying 3D projections derived from preoperative surgical images into bilateral eyepieces of the binocular optics of the operating microscope, precisely aligned with the surgical field. [22,11,4,3,5,38,16,34] To achieve a coherent fusion between real images and virtual content, these systems monitor microscope optics pose, focus, zoom, and all internal camera parameters. [13] This is an important advantage as other, simpler, systems require manual alignment with the surgical field.…”

“…In contrast, perception localization on the patient is much more intuitive. The goal can be achieved both by the unaided eye,[2] or by devices presenting the AR scene in the line of view between the surgeon and the surgical field, as in the case of the microscope,[4,3,5,16,38] the tablet,[8] and the light field display. [15]…”

“…[17,22,11,29,23,14,32,4,3,15,8,5] We present a literature review aiming to: describe and evaluate the advantages and shortcomings of each of the different AR setups tested in vivo in humans; to understand the efficacy of AR in the treatment of neurosurgical diseases; and, to define potential future research directions.…”

Evaluation of the usability of image projecting augmented reality technique: An experimental study on fresh cadaveric cattle brain

“…Augmented reality can be described as live direct or indirect view of a physical real-world environment whose elements are augmented by computer generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics, or GPS data [1,2,4,5]. One's current perception of reality can be enhanced by the functions of this technology.…”

Video-Assisted Navigation for Adjustment of Image-Guidance Accuracy to Slight Brain Shift

“…5 It seems a logical consequence to use it also for improving registration accuracy. In fact, Cabrilo et al 5 suggested exactly that.…”