Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Spine Surgery

Judy, Brendan F.; Menta, Arjun; Pak, Ho Lim; Azad, Tej D.; Witham, Timothy F.

doi:10.1016/j.nec.2023.11.010

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The advancement of imaging and modeling approaches, including augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), extended reality (XR), mixed reality (MxR), and 3D printing, has shown inventive solutions that cater to the distinct requirements of each area ( 17 – 19 ) AR overlays digital information, such as MR images, onto the actual scenario, enhancing the surgeon's view during procedures ( 20 ). VR immerses users in a virtual environment, allowing detailed preoperative planning and surgical rehearsals ( 21 ). MxR merges real and virtual worlds, enabling interaction with physical and digital objects in real-time, which is crucial for navigating complex skull base surgeries ( 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative review of patient-specific 3D visualization and reality technologies in skull base neurosurgery: enhancements in surgical training, planning, and navigation

Isikay,

Cekic,

Baylarov

et al. 2024

Front. Surg.

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Recent advances in medical imaging, computer vision, 3-dimensional (3D) modeling, and artificial intelligence (AI) integrated technologies paved the way for generating patient-specific, realistic 3D visualization of pathological anatomy in neurosurgical conditions. Immersive surgical simulations through augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MxR), extended reality (XR), and 3D printing applications further increased their utilization in current surgical practice and training. This narrative review investigates state-of-the-art studies, the limitations of these technologies, and future directions for them in the field of skull base surgery. We begin with a methodology summary to create accurate 3D models customized for each patient by combining several imaging modalities. Then, we explore how these models are employed in surgical planning simulations and real-time navigation systems in surgical procedures involving the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial skull bases, including endoscopic and open microsurgical operations. We also evaluate their influence on surgical decision-making, performance, and education. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that these technologies can enhance the visibility of the neuroanatomical structures situated at the cranial base and assist surgeons in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation, thus showing great potential to improve surgical results and reduce complications. Maximum effectiveness can be achieved in approach selection, patient positioning, craniotomy placement, anti-target avoidance, and comprehension of spatial interrelationships of neurovascular structures. Finally, we present the obstacles and possible future paths for the broader implementation of these groundbreaking methods in neurosurgery, highlighting the importance of ongoing technological advancements and interdisciplinary collaboration to improve the accuracy and usefulness of 3D visualization and reality technologies in skull base surgeries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative review of patient-specific 3D visualization and reality technologies in skull base neurosurgery: enhancements in surgical training, planning, and navigation

Isikay,

Cekic,

Baylarov

et al. 2024

Front. Surg.

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Enhancing autonomous navigation: acoustic tomography through synthetic data modeling

Obaideen,

Faroukh,

AlShabi

2024

Autonomous Systems: Sensors, Processing, and Security for Ground, Air, Sea, and Space Vehicles and Infrastructure 2024

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This paper tackles the new utilization of acoustic tomography and synthetic data modeling to improve autonomous navigation systems, especially in environments where traditional navigation tools, such as GPS, are either restricted or absent. Thus, acoustic tomography, based on sound waves, as well as synthetic data modeling which creates unrealized but realistic navigation scenarios, seems to be a very useful way of enhancing accessible navigation in terms of reliability, precision, and adaptability. This research via a comprehensive literature review, review, and synthesis of current research articulates the promise of these technologies to transform navigation systems. It focuses on the approach in the integration of acoustic sensing with computational models in developing the system autonomy, covering the technological advancements and the problems. Besides, implications of the research to the whole range of applications from underwater exploration to urban autonomous vehicles specify the requirement of innovation and exploration development in this sphere. By providing a broad review and evaluation of the interactions of acoustic tomography with synthetic data modeling, this paper seeks to promote progress in autonomous navigation technologies, laying the groundwork for the future studies and engineering work in navigation through the world's most difficult environments.

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Challenges in Contemporary Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Surgical, Technological, and Patient-Specific Issues

Mensah,

Chalif,

Baker

et al. 2024

JCM

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Spine surgery has significantly progressed due to innovations in surgical techniques, technology, and a deeper understanding of spinal pathology. However, numerous challenges persist, complicating successful outcomes. Anatomical intricacies at transitional junctions demand precise surgical expertise to avoid complications. Technical challenges, such as underestimation of the density of fixed vertebrae, individual vertebral characteristics, and the angle of pedicle inclination, pose additional risks during surgery. Patient anatomical variability and prior surgeries add layers of difficulty, often necessitating thorough pre- and intraoperative planning. Technological challenges involve the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced visualization systems. AI offers predictive capabilities but is limited by the need for large, high-quality datasets and the “black box” nature of machine learning models, which complicates clinical decision making. Visualization technologies like augmented reality and robotic surgery enhance precision but come with operational and cost-related hurdles. Patient-specific challenges include managing postoperative complications such as adjacent segment disease, hardware failure, and neurological deficits. Effective patient outcome measurement is critical, yet existing metrics often fail to capture the full scope of patient experiences. Proper patient selection for procedures is essential to minimize risks and improve outcomes, but criteria can be inconsistent and complex. There is the need for continued technological innovation, improved patient-specific outcome measures, and enhanced surgical education through simulation-based training. Integrating AI in preoperative planning and developing comprehensive databases for spinal pathologies can aid in creating more accurate, generalizable models. A holistic approach that combines technological advancements with personalized patient care and ongoing education is essential for addressing these challenges and improving spine surgery outcomes.

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Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Spine Surgery

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Narrative review of patient-specific 3D visualization and reality technologies in skull base neurosurgery: enhancements in surgical training, planning, and navigation

Narrative review of patient-specific 3D visualization and reality technologies in skull base neurosurgery: enhancements in surgical training, planning, and navigation

Enhancing autonomous navigation: acoustic tomography through synthetic data modeling

Challenges in Contemporary Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Surgical, Technological, and Patient-Specific Issues

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