Augmented neural activity during executive control processing following diffuse axonal injury

Turner, Gary R.; Levine, Brian

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000325640.18235.1c

Cited by 92 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…On the basis of neurovascular coupling 5) and the previous results, 17) which suggested a relationship between the load of the task and activation of the prefrontal cortex, cerebral blood flow should increase with the load of the task. OxyHb changes in the lateral prefrontal cortex were also associated with the load of the working memory task using fNIRS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…3) To investigate the working memory of TBI patients, executive control processing tasks and a modified PASAT have been used to compare TBI patients with normal controls using fMR imaging. 2,17) TBI patients showed right medial frontal gyrus activation during the modified PASAT, 2) and bilateral prefrontal cortex and left parietal lobe activation during heavy tasks. 17) In our study, OxyHb changes were significantly higher for the MF regions in the TBI group, consistent with these previous results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…2,17) TBI patients showed right medial frontal gyrus activation during the modified PASAT, 2) and bilateral prefrontal cortex and left parietal lobe activation during heavy tasks. 17) In our study, OxyHb changes were significantly higher for the MF regions in the TBI group, consistent with these previous results. On the other hand, OxyHb changes were mainly higher in the LF regions in the control group, suggesting that different regions may be activated to compensate for the decline of processing efficiency in TBI patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Oxyhemoglobin Changes During Cognitive Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Hibino¹,

Mase

Shirataki³

et al. 2013

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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To investigate cerebral reactions to cognitive rehabilitation tasks, oxyhemoglobin changes were compared in 9 patients with cognitive impairments after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 47 healthy controls using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during nine cognitive rehabilitation tasks employed at Nagoya City Rehabilitation Center. Forty-seven measurement channels were placed on the frontal to temporal cortices, and organized into seven channel regions. Oxyhemoglobin changes were normalized based on the mean oxyhemoglobin value at the resting state, and integrated throughout a task. Statistical analyses of the differences between the TBI patients and controls were performed with the two-sided Mann-Whitney U test. Oxyhemoglobin changes were high for both controls and TBI patients in the lateral frontal regions. Oxyhemoglobin changes in TBI patients tended to be higher than controls in the medial frontal regions for most training tasks, and significant differences (p º 0.05) were seen for two tasks in the medial frontal regions. Different regions were activated during the tasks in TBI patients compared to controls. fNIRS measurement is useful in the evaluation of changes of neuronal activities during rehabilitation tasks in TBI patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Oxyhemoglobin Changes During Cognitive Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Hibino¹,

Mase

Shirataki³

et al. 2013

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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“…Traumatic brain injury patients were recruited from consecutive admissions as part of the Toronto TBI study (Fujiwara et al, 2008;Levine et al, 2008;Turner and Levine, 2008). All patients had sustained a TBI as a result of a motor vehicle accident and were in the chronic stage of recovery at the time of study participation (see Table 1).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that functional recovery of the cognitive and behavioral sequelae of TBI may involve restoration of integration between frontal areas and modality-specific posterior regions (Chen et al, 2006). Functional neuroimaging studies of attention and working memory have generally shown more widespread activation in TBI patients as compared to healthy subjects, particularly in frontal and temporal-parietal areas (Christodoulou et al, 2001;Levine et al, 2002;McAllister et al, 2006;Kim et al, 2008;Turner and Levine, 2008). This increase in the extent of neural activity after TBI is similar to patterns that have been observed during aging, where older participants show increased bilateral activity across a range of memory and attentional tasks in prefrontal cortex (Cabeza et al, , 2004de Chastelaine et al, 2011) as well as posterior parietal cortices (Huang et al, 2011;Vallesi et al, 2011) Greater recruitment of regions homologous to areas used for cognitive processes in controls has also been found (Christodoulou et al, 2001;Levine et al, 2002;Maruishi et al, 2007, for exception see Perlstein et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Activity Patterns Uniquely Supporting Visual Feature Integration after Traumatic Brain Injury

Raja¹,

McIntosh²,

Levine³

2009

NeuroImage

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients typically respond more slowly and with more variability than controls during tasks of attention requiring speeded reaction time. These behavioral changes are attributable, at least in part, to diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which affects integrated processing in distributed systems. Here we use a multivariate method sensitive to distributed neural activity to compare brain activity patterns of patients with chronic phase moderate to-severe TBI to those of controls during performance on a visual feature integration task assessing complex attentional processes that has previously shown sensitivity to TBI. The TBI patients were carefully screened to be free of large focal lesions that can affect performance and brain activation independently of DAI. The task required subjects to hold either one or three features of a Target in mind while suppressing responses to distracting information. In controls, the multi-feature condition activated a distributed network including limbic, prefrontal, and medial temporal structures.TBI patients engaged this same network in the single-feature and baseline conditions. In multi-feature presentations, TBI patients alone activated additional frontal, parietal, and occipital regions. These results are consistent with neuroimaging studies using tasks assessing different cognitive domains, where increased spread of brain activity changes was associated with TBI. Our results also extend previous findings that brain activity for relatively moderate task demands in TBI patients is similar to that associated with of high task demands in controls.

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Auditory orienting and inhibition of return in mild traumatic brain injury: A FMRI study

Mayer

Mannell

Ling

et al. 2009

Human Brain Mapping

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The semi-acute phase of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with deficits in the cognitive domains of attention, memory, and executive function, which previous work suggests may be related to a specific deficit in disengaging attentional focus. However, to date there have only been a few studies that have employed dynamic imaging techniques to investigate the potential neurological basis of these cognitive deficits during the semi-acute stage of injury. Therefore, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) was used to investigate the neurological correlates of attentional dysfunction in a clinically homogeneous sample of 16 mTBI patients during the semi-acute phase of injury (< 3 weeks). Behaviorally, mTBI patients exhibited deficits in disengaging and reorienting auditory attention following invalid cues as well as a failure to inhibit attentional allocation to a cued spatial location compared to a group of matched controls. Accordingly, mTBI patients also exhibited hypoactivation within thalamus, striatum, midbrain nuclei and cerebellum across all trials as well as hypoactivation in the right posterior parietal cortex, pre-supplementary motor area, bilateral frontal eye fields and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during attentional disengagement. Finally, the hemodynamic response within several regions of the attentional network predicted response times better for controls than mTBI patients. These objective neurological findings represent a potential biomarker for the behavioral deficits in spatial attention that characterize the initial recovery phase of mTBI.

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Augmented neural activity during executive control processing following diffuse axonal injury

Abstract: Background: Deficits in working memory are commonly observed after traumatic brain injury (TBI),

Cited by 92 publications

References 28 publications

Oxyhemoglobin Changes During Cognitive Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Oxyhemoglobin Changes During Cognitive Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Brain Activity Patterns Uniquely Supporting Visual Feature Integration after Traumatic Brain Injury

Auditory orienting and inhibition of return in mild traumatic brain injury: A FMRI study

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