“…(Published with written and informed consent of the subject.) Sodhi et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2014), olfactory (Dinh et al, 1999;Howell et al, 2016), vestibular (Brooks, 1999;Fung et al, 2004;Riecke et al, 2005), and gustatory cues (Nakamura and Miyashita, 2011;Narumi et al, 2011a,b). Slater and Wilbur (1997) used the term surrounding to refer to the extent to which an immersive experience is panoramic.…”
“…(Published with written and informed consent of the subject.) Sodhi et al, 2013;Tang et al, 2014), olfactory (Dinh et al, 1999;Howell et al, 2016), vestibular (Brooks, 1999;Fung et al, 2004;Riecke et al, 2005), and gustatory cues (Nakamura and Miyashita, 2011;Narumi et al, 2011a,b). Slater and Wilbur (1997) used the term surrounding to refer to the extent to which an immersive experience is panoramic.…”
“…On the other hand, the sense of taste has received little attention but recent works [21,26] show interesting new interaction mechanisms that could open new ways of integrating taste with media. The sense of touch is presented in the next section.…”
ABSTRACT"Seeing is believing, but feeling is the truth". This idiom from the seventieth century English clergyman Thomas Fuller gains new momentum in light of an increased proliferation of haptic technologies that allow people to have various kinds of 'touch' and 'touchless' interactions. Here, we report on the process of creating and integrating touchless feedback (i.e. mid-air haptic stimuli) into short movie experiences (i.e. one-minute movie format). Based on a systematic evaluation of user's experiences of those haptically enhanced movies, we show evidence for the positive effect of haptic feedback during the first viewing experience, but also for a repeated viewing after two weeks. This opens up a promising design space for content creators and researchers interested in sensory augmentation of audiovisual content. We discuss our findings and the use of mid-air haptics technologies with respect to its effect on users' emotions, changes in the viewing experience over time, and the effects of synchronisation.
“…Augmented gustation using electricity [12] A positive and a negative straw inserted into two cups of electrolyte drink.…”
Section: Electrical And/or Thermalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Within HCI, taste stimulation is mainly achieved through the use of chemical stimulation (e.g., solutions for basic tastes [11] [14]) or through electrical and/or thermal stimulation of the users' tongue (e.g., [12][18] [19]). …”
Gustatory interfaces have gained popularity in the field of humancomputer interaction, especially in the context of augmenting gaming and virtual reality experiences, but also in the context of food interaction design enabling the creation of new eating experiences. In this paper, we first review prior works on gustatory interfaces and particularly discuss them based on the use of either a chemical, electrical and/or thermal stimulation approach. We then present two concepts for gustatory interfaces that represent a more traditional delivery approach (using a mouthpiece) versus a novel approach that is based on principles of acoustic levitation (contactless delivery). We discuss the design opportunities around those two concepts in particular to overcome challenges of "how" to stimulate the sense of taste.
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