Augmented Growth Equation for Cell Wall Expansion

Ortega, Joseph K. E.

doi:10.1104/pp.79.1.318

Cited by 144 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Thus, the change in P would represent the kinetics of water redistribution and not wall relaxation. The kinetics of wall relaxation can provide information about cell enlargement, and theoretical treatments show that among the properties of enlarging cells that can be inferred, a particularly valuable one is the yielding behavior of the wall (9,17). However, because the calculations so far (9) are based on pea stem sections with slowly growing tissue attached, the slow kinetics were likely to have been the kinetics of water redistribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Wall Relaxation in Elongating Tissues

Matyssek

Maruyama²,

Boyer³

1988

Plant Physiol.

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Reported differences in the relaxation of cell walls in enlarging stem tissues of soybean (Glycine max (9,11) similarly excised pea stems but they continued to grow for 0.5 to 1 h (9) and the walls required 3 to 5 h to relax when P was measured with a pressure probe (9, 11). The Y estimated by this method averaged 0.3 MPa below P, which was considerably lower than in soybean.Because of these discrepancies, our knowledge about the yield threshold remains uncertain in higher plants. It is possible that growth is regulated differently in different species or, because a psychrometer was used for one experiment (5) and a pressure probe for the others (9, 11), it is possible that some feature of the methods caused the differences.The magnitudes of the forces causing cells to enlarge indicate how growth rates are controlled and are necessary to obtain estimates of the extensibility of the cell walls. Without an understanding of Y, it is not possible to obtain this information. Because the reasons for variations in the previous measurements are not known, we investigated Y using both the pressure probe and the psychrometer. The experiments were conducted in a water-saturated atmosphere to ensure that transpiration did not complicate the measurements and all P determinations were affected only be growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Wall Relaxation in Elongating Tissues

Matyssek

Maruyama²,

Boyer³

1988

Plant Physiol.

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“…As has been shown (eqn (8), Pietruszka [4]), the half-time for stress relaxation (t 1/2 ) due to expansin action can be compared with Cosgrove's [41] result (eqn (A9), [41]) to give k 0 ¼ 1F 0 that holds at least for t 1/2 . This relation combines biochemical (k 0 ) and biomechanical (1, F 0 ) aspects of plant growth (here 1 is Young's modulus, which is a measure of stiffness, as in the Ortega [42] equation). F 0 takes on the usual interpretation of extensibility coefficient in the Lockhart equation, which is essentially the inverse of viscosity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutions for a local equation of anisotropic plant cell growth: an analytical study of expansin activity

Pietruszka

2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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This paper presents a generalization of the Lockhart equation for plant cell/organ expansion in the anisotropic case. The intent is to take into account the temporal and spatial variation in the cell wall mechanical properties by considering the wall 'extensibility' (F), a time-and space-dependent parameter. A dynamic linear differential equation of a second-order tensor is introduced by describing the anisotropic growth process with some key biochemical aspects included. The distortion and expansion of plant cell walls initiated by expansins, a class of proteins known to enhance cell wall 'extensibility', is also described. In this approach, expansin proteins are treated as active agents participating in isotropic/anisotropic growth. Two-parameter models and an equation for describing a-and b-expansin proteins are proposed by delineating the extension of isolated wall samples, allowing turgor-driven polymer creep, where expansins weaken the non-covalent binding between wall polysaccharides. We observe that the calculated halftime (t 1/2 ¼ eF 0 log 2) of stress relaxation due to expansin action can be described in mechanical terms.

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“…which is the actual concentration of WLF (wall loosening factor) solution that was inserted into the truncated form (for constant turgor P) of the Ortega (1985) equation. In Eq.…”

Section: Effective Diffusion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective diffusion rates and cross-correlation analysis of “acid growth” data

Pietruszka

Haduch-Sendecka

2016

Acta Physiol Plant

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We investigated the growth-temperature relationship in plants using a quantitative perspective of a recently derived growth functional. We showed that auxininduced growth is achieved by the diffusion rate, which is almost constant or slowly ascending in temperature, while the diffusion rate of fusicoccin (FC)-induced growth increases monotonically with temperature for the entire temperature range (0-45)°C, although for some concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ''super-diffusion'' takes place for unperturbed growth. We also calculated the cross-correlations and the derivative of cross-correlations for elongation growth (rate) and pH as a function of time delay (lag) parameterised by temperature for artificial pond water (APW) control conditions (endogenous growth) and exogenous IAA and FC that were introduced into the medium. Dimensionality analysis revealed that discontinuities in the cross-correlation derivative corresponded to H ? ion kinetics, which attained definite numerical values that were approximately proportional to the (logarithm of) proton secretion rates (or relative buffer acidification). Furthermore, three types of experiments were compared: for abraded coleoptiles, coleoptile segments and intact growing seedlings. From the cross-correlation analysis, it was found that the timing of IAA and FC-induced proton secretion and growth matched well. Unambiguous results concerning the canvas constituting acid growth hypothesis were obtained by cross-and auto-correlation analysis: (1) for abraded coleoptiles, because of the lowering of the cuticle potential barrier, auxin-induced cell wall pH decreased simultaneously with the change in growth rate; no advancement or retardation of pH (proton efflux rate) or growth rate took place, (2) exogenous protons were able to substitute for auxin thus causing wall loosening and growth, (3) although the underlying molecular mechanisms differ vastly, a potent stimulator of proton secretion, the fungal toxin FC, promoted growth that was similar to auxin, although of an elevated intensity; as for auxin-no advancement or retardation took place.

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Augmented Growth Equation for Cell Wall Expansion

Cited by 144 publications

References 9 publications

Rapid Wall Relaxation in Elongating Tissues

Rapid Wall Relaxation in Elongating Tissues

Solutions for a local equation of anisotropic plant cell growth: an analytical study of expansin activity

Effective diffusion rates and cross-correlation analysis of “acid growth” data

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