Auger electron spectroscopy of krypton subplanted in graphite

Marton, D.; Boyd, Kevin J.; Lytle, T.E.; Rabalais, J. W.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(93)90614-p

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The Kr:LMM normal Auger spectra following photoionization were also observed for the first time in this study and will be reported in detail elsewhere. Spectra following electron and proton impact ionization in the vapour phase (Krause 1965, Siegbahn et al 1969, Werme et al 1972, Aksela et al 1980, Levin et al 1986, Kleiman et al 1999 and in solid samples (Baba et al 1992, Marton et al 1993 were reported previously. Baba et al (1992) used an aluminium-Kα line source (1486 eV), and thus their assignment is questionable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Resonant Auger spectrum following Kr:2p → 5s photoexcitation

Nagaoka

Ibuki

Saitô³

et al. 2000

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Resonant Auger electron spectra following Kr:2p → 5s photoexcitation have been measured for the first time using monochromatized undulator radiation and a cylindrical mirror electron energy analyser. It is found that the kinetic energy of the resonant Auger electron is higher than that of the corresponding normal Auger electron. The angular distribution of the resonant Auger electrons is nearly isotropic relative to the polarization direction of the incident light.

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mentioning

confidence: 87%

Resonant Auger spectrum following Kr:2p → 5s photoexcitation

Nagaoka

Ibuki

Saitô³

et al. 2000

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…Therefore we suppose that these hillocks are formed by implantation of the cluster ions into the surface. A threshold behaviour has already been observed for the penetration of Kr + ions into a graphite surface, the minimum kinetic energy was found to be 45-50 eV [12]. …”

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confidence: 90%

Deposition of size-selected clusters at hyperthermal energies investigated by STM

Kaiser¹,

Bernhardt²,

Rademann³

1998

Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing

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We have studied the interaction of mass-selected antimony clusters (Sb +x , x = 3, 4, 8) with the (0001) basal plane of highly oriented pyrolythic graphite (HOPG) in the energy range from 40 eV to 410 eV by STM and STS. A threshold behaviour is observed for cluster implantation, which is dependent on cluster size. Below this threshold the interaction is characterised by neutralisation, adsorption, and diffusion of the incoming particles. STM and STS data suggest that some of these particles are intercalated in the graphite surface. Above this threshold the clusters are implanted into the surface, resulting in a strong distortion of the substrate and cluster structure.The interaction of mass-selected clusters with surfaces has been of increasing interest during the last few years [1]. This is partly due to possible applications for surface modification and preparation, namely etching [2], thin film formation [3], cluster deposition [4][5][6], and collision induced reactions [7]. But up to now there are only a few experimental and theoretical data available. To characterise the processes taking place on the surface, the STM is ideally suited, because of its unique ability to give a real-space picture of small structures (a few Angstrom) in very low concentration. In this paper we present STM data on the interaction of mass-selected antimony clusters with HOPG for a broad energy range from 40 eV up to 410 eV kinetic energy. ExperimentDetails of the experimental setup have been given elsewhere [8]. In brief, it consists of a three-stage, fully UHV compatible, molecular beam apparatus, which is directly coupled to a surface science machine. Positively and negatively charged clusters are produced in a pulsed arc cluster ion source (PACIS) [9]. They are mass-selected by a pulsed mirror in a Wiley-McLaren-type [10] time-of-flight mass spectrometer arrangement and are directed onto the surface of graphite (HOPG) at an angle of 90 • to the surface plane. The interaction energy of the charged cluster with the surface is controlled by the application of appropriate voltages to the substrate. Typical deposition times range from several minutes up to one hour. The substrate holder can then be transferred by a rotary-linear-motion feedthrough to the analysis chamber without breaking vacuum. Surface analysis is conducted at room temperature via a "Beetle" STM [11]. The graphite sample was prepared prior to the experiments by cleaving in air and heating in UHV. Figure 1a shows a STM scan of the sample after irradiation with Sb + 4 clusters for 60 min at a mean kinetic energy of 70 eV. Only a few islands, showing up as white dots, can be observed. These islands are easily moved by the scanning motion of the tip. The picture changes completely when the mean kinetic energy of the cluster beam is increased to 230 eV; the result is depicted in Fig. 1b. A large number of hillocks with a mean diameter of about 20 Å are clearly visible (the general appearance of the STM pictures is qualitatively the same for all cluster sizes investigate...

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Ion Beam Deposition and Cleaning

Rauschenbach

2022

Low-Energy Ion Irradiation of Materials

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Auger electron spectroscopy of krypton subplanted in graphite

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Resonant Auger spectrum following Kr:2p → 5s photoexcitation

Resonant Auger spectrum following Kr:2p → 5s photoexcitation

Deposition of size-selected clusters at hyperthermal energies investigated by STM

Ion Beam Deposition and Cleaning

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