Augenrückbildung und Lichtstinn beiAnoptichthys jordani Hubbs und Innes

Kühn, Otto; J, Kahling

doi:10.1007/bf02160555

Cited by 27 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Instead, this may be a simple manifestation of the photophobic behavior well documented in this species (Breder and Gresser 1941a; Breder and Gresser 1941b; Breder 1944; Breder and Rasquin 1947; Kuhn and Kähling 1954; Lüling 1954; Kähling 1961; Gertychowa 1970; Erckens and Martin 1982b; Mitsuo 1982; Romero 1985; Romero et al 2003; Kowalko et al 2013). If spending extended periods of time in the bottom zone of the tank (and/or avoidance the top zone) can be viewed, at least in part, as photophobic behavior, it is reasonable that exposure to a 12:12hr light/dark lighting regimen (LD R –LD T ) would create both the cyclic patterns in tank usage data seen in both cave and surface fish, as well as the inverse relationship between the time spent in the top and bottom zones as described here and by Erckens and colleagues (1976; 1982a; 1982b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Astyanax mexicanus has found favor as a study system for regressive traits and cave evolution owing to the fact that this species is tractable in a lab setting, includes 29 different cave populations and consists of both a derived, cave morphotype and an extant surface morphotype that can be readily hybridized (Mitchell et al 1977; Jeffery 2009; Gross et al 2015). In the decades following its initial scientific characterization by Hubbs and Innes in 1936, Astyanax was the subject of a number of studies aimed at 1) examining sensitivity and behavioral responses to light (Breder and Gresser 1941a; Breder and Gresser 1941b; Breder 1944; Breder and Rasquin 1947; Kuhn and Kähling 1954; Lüling 1954; Kähling 1961; Gertychowa 1970; Romero 1984; Romero 1985; Langecker 1989) and 2) determining whether Astyanax cavefish displayed circadian rhythmicity (Thines and Wolff-Van Ermengem 1965; Erckens and Weber 1976; Thines and Weyers 1978; Erckens and Martin 1982a; Erckens and Martin 1982b). For some time, the work of Erckens and Martin (1982a; 1982b) stood as the authority on circadian rhythmicity in this species, despite small sample sizes (n = 6 and n = 1 for infrared photocell-based trials and infrared video trials, respectively, in both cave and surface fish).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and comparison of activity profiles exhibited by the cave and surface morphotypes of the blind Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus

Carlson

Gross

2018

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Departure from normal circadian rhythmicity and exposure to atypical lighting cues has been shown to adversely affect human health and wellness in a variety of ways. In contrast, adaptation to extreme environments has led many species to alter or even entirely abandon their reliance upon cyclic environmental inputs, principally daily cycles of light and darkness. The extreme darkness, stability and isolation of cave ecosystems has made cave-adapted species particularly attractive systems in which to study the consequences of life without light and the strategies that allow species to survive and even thrive in such environments. In order to further explore these questions, we have assessed the rhythmicity of locomotion in the blind Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, under controlled laboratory conditions. Using high-resolution video tracking assays, we characterized patterns in locomotor activity and spatial tank usage for members of the surface and Pachón cave populations. Here we demonstrate that cavefish have a higher overall level of activity and use the space within the trial tank differently than surface fish. Further, Pachón cavefish show circadian rhythmicity in both activity and spatial tank usage under a 12:12 light/dark cycle. We provide further evidence that these cavefish retain a weakly light-entrainable, endogenous circadian oscillator with limited capability to sustain rhythms in activity, but not spatial tank usage, in the absence of photic cues. Finally, we demonstrate a putative behavioral "masking effect" contributing to behavioral rhythms and provide evidence that exposure to constant darkness during development may alter behavioral patterns later in life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and comparison of activity profiles exhibited by the cave and surface morphotypes of the blind Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus

Carlson

Gross

2018

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…iiiniirUtni, but the number of ganglion cells is very small, indicating a high degree of convergence. The scale line is 1 p. (Besharse and Hollyfield, 1977), and in the eye of the cave fish Anopthichthys ( Kuhn and Kahling, 1954). The retinal structure of Caraf>its suggests that the eye of the latter is adapted to a dark environment, and that, although it must have poor resolution, it has become modified as a receptor for increased sensitivity in low environmental brightness conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VISUAL BEHAVIOR, EYE AND RETINA OF THE PARASITIC FISHCARAPUS MOURLANI

Meyer‐Rochow¹,

Tiang²

1978

The Biological Bulletin

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1. This is the first transmission electron microscope description of the retina of a parasitic fish. 2. The retina is well supplied with capillaries, some of which occur on the inner surface of the retina. An unusual and possibly primitive type of capillary junction is described. 3. The outer segments of the retina of Carapus mourlani, which measure approximately 2 micron in diameter, are of one type only. A certain degree of banking was observed. Outer segments are not isolated from each other by screening pigments; they are, however, surrounded by about 15 calycal processes. 4. Typical spheroids or conoids were not seen in the outer plexiform layer. The inner nuclear layer consists of only one or two layers of nuclei. The inner plexiform layer is unusually wide and some amacrine synapses can be identified. There are few ganglion cells and the ratio of nuclei in the outer nuclear layer to those of the inner nuclear layer to ganglion cells is approximately 100:10:1. 5. The eye of C. mourlani combines features of degenerated photoreceptors, characteristic of cave-organisms, with adaptations which are commonly found in nocturnal and deep-sea forms. 6. The visual behavior of the animal indicates that the eye is fully functional in spite of its corneal keratosis and small number of optic nerve fibers.

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