Aufhebung der Idiomuskulären Übererregbarkeit

Kollert, Viktor; E, John

doi:10.1007/bf01715575

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It seems possible that the hypernormal levels of plasma esterase in nephrosis reflect a general response on the part of the liver to regenerate protein more rapidly as a result of the loss of albumin in the urine. Further evidence for this hypothesis can be found in the high concentrations of fibrinogen found in the plasma of these patients (24). As with plasma esterase, fibrinogen is synthesized by the liver and is depressed in patients with severe liver involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Plasma Esterase Activity in Patients With Liver Disease and the Nephrotic Syndrome

Kunkel

Ward

1947

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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An increasing amount of evidence has been accumulated (1-3) which indicates that the albumin of the plasma is formed in the liver. The fact that the degree of albumin depression correlates well with the severity of liver involvement in patients with various types of liver disease (4) is strong evidence in favor of such a concept. In view of the significance of the metabolic and oncotic effects of the albumin level of the plasma in determining the course of patients with various types of hypoproteinemla, it would appear to be of special importance to obtain information regarding albumin synthesis in these patients in an attempt to discover possible remediable defects. Direct studies of albumin turnover have yielded some information, but the picture in cirrhosis and nephrosis is often obscured by continued loss of albumin in ascitic fluid or urine. The therapeutic use of concentrated solutions of human albumin has made it even more difficult to determine the rate of production of albumin and to evaluate the changes brought about by such therapy. The use of radioactive and isotope techniques has not as yet been feasible. Two other plasma proteins, fibrinogen and prothrombin, also have been shown to be formed by the liver (5, 6). To this list it is now possible to add a fourth protein appearing in the plasma and synthesized by the liver, namely plasma esterase.The possibility arose that, through a study in various hypoproteinemic states of the other proteins synthesized by the liver and their changes during therapy, information could be obtained regarding the general formation of proteins by the liver which might be applicable to the problem of albumin synthesis.Of the group of liver proteins the plasma esterase lends itself most readily to accurate estimation. In addition, the regeneration of this enzyme can be studied in various pathological states, following its destruction by a parenteral injection of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). This material is an extremely powerful and specific inhibitor of the esterase group of enzymes. Several observers (7,8) have demonstrated conclusively that these enzymes are irreversibly destroyed beth in ~o and in ~/vo by DFP. Comroe, Todd, and Koelle (8), in connection with their use of this material in patients with myasthenia gravis, studied the regeneration of plasma esterase following its destruction by DFP. Wescoe (9) and Grob (10) have independently applied this technique to the study of patients with liver disease. 325 on

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%