Auditory working memory for objects vs. features

Joseph, Sabine; Kumar, Sukhbinder; Griffiths, Timothy D.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00013

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In particular, when speech tokens are encountered close in time, talker continuity in speech can give rise to the perception of a continuous auditory stream (Best et al, 2008;Bressler et al, 2014). The advantage of auditory streaming for speech perception is that an entire stream is processed as a single perceptual object (Joseph, Kumar, Husain, & Griffiths, 2015;Macken, Tremblay, Houghton, N i Cunningham, 2012;Mathias & Kriegstein, 2014;Shinn-Cunningham, 2008;Sussman et al, 2007). Within psychoacoustics, it is well accepted that the sequence order of items within one stream are stored as part of the identity of the single auditory object (Bizley & Cohen, 2013;Griffiths & Warren, 2004); however, if streaming breaks down and tokens are perceived to be, and stored in memory as, distinct streams, it becomes difficult to judge the temporal order of the items (Bregman & Campbell, 1971;Vliegen, Moore, & Oxenham, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of talker continuity and speech rate on auditory working memory

Lim

Shinn‐Cunningham

Perrachione

2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Speech processing is slower and less accurate when listeners encounter speech from multiple talkers compared to one continuous talker. However, interference from multiple talkers has been investigated only using immediate speech recognition or long-term memory recognition tasks. These tasks reveal opposite effects of speech processing time on speech recognitionwhile fast processing of multi-talker speech impedes immediate recognition, it also results in more abstract and less talker-specific longterm memories for speech. Here, we investigated whether and how processing multi-talker speech disrupts working memory maintenance, an intermediate stage between perceptual recognition and long-term memory. In a digit sequence recall task, listeners encoded seven-digit sequences and recalled them after a 5-s delay. Sequences were spoken by either a single talker or multiple talkers at one of three presentation rates (0-, 200-, and 500-ms inter-digit intervals). Listeners' recall was slower and less accurate for sequences spoken by multiple talkers than a single talker. Especially for the fastest presentation rate, listeners were less efficient when recalling sequences spoken by multiple talkers. Our results reveal that talker-specificity effects for speech working memory are most prominent when listeners must rapidly encode speech. These results suggest that, like immediate speech recognition, working memory for speech is susceptible to interference from variability across talkers. While many studies ascribe effects of talker variability to the need to calibrate perception to talker-specific acoustics, these results are also consistent with the idea that a sudden change of talkers disrupts attentional focus, interfering with efficient working-memory processing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of talker continuity and speech rate on auditory working memory

Lim

Shinn‐Cunningham

Perrachione

2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Perceptual properties (e.g., perceived sound location) and not acoustic features of the sounds (e.g., interaural time or level differences) appear to be stored in STM . It is worth noting that this relative independence of the memory traces for various auditory features does not preclude a storage of auditory objects as an entity in memory …”

Section: Musical and Verbal Short‐term Memory In Healthy Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musical and verbal short‐term memory: insights from neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

Caclin

Tillmann

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Auditory short-term memory (STM) is a fundamental ability to make sense of auditory information as it unfolds over time. Whether separate STM systems exist for different types of auditory information (music and speech, in particular) is a matter of debate. The present paper reviews studies that have investigated both musical and verbal STM in healthy individuals and in participants with neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Overall, the results are in favor of only partly shared networks for musical and verbal STM. Evidence for a distinction in STM for the two materials stems from (1) behavioral studies in healthy participants, in particular from the comparison between nonmusicians and musicians; (2) behavioral studies in congenital amusia, where a selective pitch STM deficit is observed; and (3) studies in brain-damaged patients with cases of double dissociation. In this review we highlight the need for future studies comparing STM for the same perceptual dimension (e.g., pitch) in different materials (e.g., music and speech), as well as for studies aiming at a more insightful characterization of shared and distinct mechanisms for speech and music in the different components of STM, namely encoding, retention, and retrieval.

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“…Similar manipulations of interference indicate that attributes like pitch, loudness, and timbre are represented independently in STM (Caclin et al, 2006; Clement et al, 1999; Nousak et al, 1996; Semal and Demany, 1991). This feature-based representation distinguishes pSTM from WM, which operates on configural or item-based representations (Joseph et al, 2015). …”

Section: Behavioral Studies Of Auditory Memory In Monkeysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory short-term memory in the primate auditory cortex

Scott

Mishkin

2016

Brain Research

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Sounds are fleeting, and assembling the sequence of inputs at the ear into a coherent percept requires auditory memory across various time scales. Auditory short-term memory comprises at least two components: an active ‘working memory’ bolstered by rehearsal, and a sensory trace that may be passively retained. Working memory relies on representations recalled from long-term memory, and their rehearsal may require phonological mechanisms unique to humans. The sensory component, passive short-term memory (pSTM), is tractable to study in nonhuman primates, whose brain architecture and behavioral repertoire are comparable to our own. This review discusses recent advances in the behavioral and neurophysiological study of auditory memory with a focus on single-unit recordings from macaque monkeys performing delayed-match-to-sample (DMS) tasks. Monkeys appear to employ pSTM to solve these tasks, as evidenced by the impact of interfering stimuli on memory performance. In several regards, pSTM in monkeys resembles pitch memory in humans, and may engage similar neural mechanisms. Neural correlates of DMS performance have been observed throughout the auditory and prefrontal cortex, defining a network of areas supporting auditory STM with parallels to that supporting visual STM. These correlates include persistent neural firing, or a suppression of firing, during the delay period of the memory task, as well as suppression or (less commonly) enhancement of sensory responses when a sound is repeated as a ‘match’ stimulus. Auditory STM is supported by a distributed temporo-frontal network in which sensitivity to stimulus history is an intrinsic feature of auditory processing.

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Auditory working memory for objects vs. features

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of talker continuity and speech rate on auditory working memory

Effects of talker continuity and speech rate on auditory working memory

Musical and verbal short‐term memory: insights from neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

Auditory short-term memory in the primate auditory cortex

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